大脑老化的特征：代谢状态的适应性和病理性改变。
Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Adaptive and Pathological Modification by Metabolic States.
机构信息
Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
Cell Metab. 2018 Jun 5;27(6):1176-1199. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.05.011.
During aging, the cellular milieu of the brain exhibits tell-tale signs of compromised bioenergetics, impaired adaptive neuroplasticity and resilience, aberrant neuronal network activity, dysregulation of neuronal Ca homeostasis, the accrual of oxidatively modified molecules and organelles, and inflammation. These alterations render the aging brain vulnerable to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and stroke. Emerging findings are revealing mechanisms by which sedentary overindulgent lifestyles accelerate brain aging, whereas lifestyles that include intermittent bioenergetic challenges (exercise, fasting, and intellectual challenges) foster healthy brain aging. Here we provide an overview of the cellular and molecular biology of brain aging, how those processes interface with disease-specific neurodegenerative pathways, and how metabolic states influence brain health.
随着年龄的增长，大脑的细胞环境表现出生物能量受损、适应神经可塑性和弹性降低、神经元网络活动异常、神经元钙动态平衡失调、氧化修饰分子和细胞器积累以及炎症等明显迹象。这些改变使衰老的大脑易患阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和中风。新出现的研究结果揭示了久坐不动和过度放纵的生活方式如何加速大脑衰老，而包括间歇性生物能量挑战（运动、禁食和智力挑战）在内的生活方式则促进健康的大脑衰老。在这里，我们提供了大脑衰老的细胞和分子生物学概述，这些过程如何与特定疾病的神经退行性途径相互作用，以及代谢状态如何影响大脑健康。
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