Computational, Cognitive & Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Structural Brain Mapping Group, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
Trends Neurosci. 2017 Dec;40(12):681-690. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.10.001. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
The brain changes as we age and these changes are associated with functional deterioration and neurodegenerative disease. It is vital that we better understand individual differences in the brain ageing process; hence, techniques for making individualised predictions of brain ageing have been developed. We present evidence supporting the use of neuroimaging-based 'brain age' as a biomarker of an individual's brain health. Increasingly, research is showing how brain disease or poor physical health negatively impacts brain age. Importantly, recent evidence shows that having an 'older'-appearing brain relates to advanced physiological and cognitive ageing and the risk of mortality. We discuss controversies surrounding brain age and highlight emerging trends such as the use of multimodality neuroimaging and the employment of 'deep learning' methods.
随着年龄的增长，大脑会发生变化，这些变化与功能恶化和神经退行性疾病有关。我们必须更好地了解大脑老化过程中的个体差异；因此，已经开发出了用于对大脑老化进行个体化预测的技术。我们提出了支持使用基于神经影像学的“大脑年龄”作为个体大脑健康的生物标志物的证据。越来越多的研究表明，大脑疾病或身体状况不佳如何对大脑年龄产生负面影响。重要的是，最近的证据表明，大脑看起来更“老”与更先进的生理和认知老化以及死亡风险有关。我们讨论了围绕大脑年龄的争议，并强调了新兴趋势，例如使用多模态神经影像学和采用“深度学习”方法。
