Behr M, Acker J, Cohrs S, Deuschle M, Danker-Hopfe H, Göder R, Norra C, Richter K, Riemann D, Schilling C, Weeß H-G, Wetter T C, Wollenburg L M, Pollmächer T
Zentrum für psychische Gesundheit, Klinikum Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Deutschland.
Klinik für Schlafmedizin, Bad Zurzach, Schweiz.
Nervenarzt. 2018 Jul;89(7):807-813. doi: 10.1007/s00115-018-0545-x.
Sleep-related breathing disorders seriously impair well-being and increase the risk for relevant somatic and psychiatric disorders. Moreover, risk factors for sleep-related breathing disorders are highly prevalent in psychiatric patients. The aim of this study was for the first time in Germany to study the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) as the most common form of sleep-related breathing disorder in patients with psychiatric disorders.
In 10 psychiatric hospitals in Germany and 1 hospital in Switzerland, a total of 249 inpatients underwent an 8‑channel sleep polygraphy to investigate the prevalence of sleep apnea in this group of patients.
With a conspicuous screening result of 23.7% of the subjects, a high prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders was found to occur among this group of patients. Male gender, higher age and high body mass index (BMI) were identified as positive risk factors for the detection of OSAS.
The high prevalence indicates that sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder among psychiatric patients. Although OSAS can lead to substantial disorders of the mental state and when untreated is accompanied by serious somatic health problems, screening procedures are not part of the routine work-up in psychiatric hospitals; therefore, sleep apnea is presumably underdiagnosed in psychiatric patients. In view of the results of this and previous studies, this topic complex should be the subject of further research studies.
与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍严重损害健康，并增加相关躯体和精神疾病的风险。此外，与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍的危险因素在精神科患者中高度普遍。本研究的目的是首次在德国研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）作为精神疾病患者中最常见的与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍形式的患病率。
在德国的10家精神病医院和瑞士的1家医院，共有249名住院患者接受了8通道睡眠多导记录仪检查，以调查该组患者中睡眠呼吸暂停的患病率。
23.7%的受试者筛查结果显著，发现该组患者中与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍患病率很高。男性、较高年龄和高体重指数（BMI）被确定为检测OSAS的阳性危险因素。
高患病率表明睡眠呼吸暂停是精神科患者中常见的睡眠障碍。虽然OSAS可导致严重的精神状态紊乱，且未经治疗会伴有严重的躯体健康问题，但筛查程序并非精神病医院常规检查的一部分；因此，精神科患者中睡眠呼吸暂停可能未得到充分诊断。鉴于本研究及以往研究的结果，这一复杂主题应成为进一步研究的对象。
