Niederhauser Victoria P, Lindley Lisa C, Farabollini Brittany
College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee.
Public Health Nurs. 2018 Sep;35(5):379-385. doi: 10.1111/phn.12523. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
The purpose of this study was to explore if parental barriers to childhood immunizations change over time.
Using secondary data, a pretest post-test design was employed to measure changes in parental barriers to childhood immunizations in the first 7 months of life. Thirty-nine parent/infant dyads were included in this study.
The Searching for Hardship and Obstacles to Shots (SHOTS) Survey was completed by a parent when their infant was between one and 28 days old (prior to their first immunizations) and again when the child was 6-7 months of age.
In this study, parental barriers to immunizations decreased over time. Specifically, six individual items related to accessing immunizations decreased from baseline to 7 months of age. In addition, the Access to Shots subscale decreased significantly (p = 0.010) between the two time periods. In less educated parents, the Importance of Immunizations subscale decreased over time.
Given the findings and trends in changes identified in this study, more exploration is necessary to understand what parental barriers change over time and how these changes affect immunization rates in early infancy.
本研究旨在探讨父母对儿童免疫接种的阻碍是否会随时间变化。
利用二手数据，采用前后测设计来测量出生后头7个月内父母对儿童免疫接种阻碍的变化。本研究纳入了39对父母/婴儿二元组。
当婴儿1至28日龄时（首次免疫接种前），由父母完成《寻找接种疫苗的困难与障碍（SHOTS）调查问卷》，孩子6至7月龄时再次进行调查。
在本研究中，父母对免疫接种的阻碍随时间减少。具体而言，与获得免疫接种相关的6项个体指标从基线到7月龄有所下降。此外，两个时间段之间，“获得疫苗接种”分量表显著下降（p = 0.010）。在受教育程度较低的父母中，“免疫接种的重要性”分量表随时间下降。
鉴于本研究中发现的结果和变化趋势，有必要进行更多探索，以了解哪些父母阻碍因素会随时间变化，以及这些变化如何影响婴儿早期的免疫接种率。
