MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Jun 8;67(22):643-645. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6722a5.
Intranasally administered live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) was initially licensed in the United States in 2003 as a trivalent formulation (LAIV3) (FluMist, MedImmune, LLC). Quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) (FluMist Quadrivalent, MedImmune) has been licensed in the United States since 2012 and was first available during the 2013-14 influenza season, replacing LAIV3. During the 2016-17 and 2017-18 influenza seasons, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that LAIV4 not be used because of concerns about low effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-like viruses circulating in the United States during the 2013-14 and 2015-16 seasons (1,2). On February 21, 2018, ACIP recommended that LAIV4 be an option for influenza vaccination of persons for whom it is appropriate for the 2018-19 season (3). This document provides an overview of the information discussed in the decision-making process leading to this recommendation. A description of methodology and data reviewed will be included in the background materials that will supplement the 2018-19 ACIP Influenza Recommendations, which will replace the 2017-18 ACIP influenza statement (2), and which will also contain guidance for the use of LAIV4.
鼻腔内使用的减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV）最初于 2003 年在美国获得许可，为三价配方（LAIV3）（FluMist，MedImmune，LLC）。自 2012 年以来，四价减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV4）（FluMist 四价，MedImmune）已在美国获得许可，并于 2013-14 流感季节首次使用，取代了 LAIV3。在 2016-17 和 2017-18 流感季节，免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）建议不要使用 LAIV4，因为担心其对在美国流行的甲型 H1N1pdm09 样病毒的有效性较低在 2013-14 和 2015-16 季节（1,2）。2018 年 2 月 21 日，ACIP 建议 LAIV4 是适合 2018-19 季节进行流感疫苗接种的人群的选择之一（3）。本文件概述了导致这一建议的决策过程中讨论的信息。方法描述和审查的数据将包含在补充 2018-19 年 ACIP 流感推荐的背景材料中，该推荐将取代 2017-18 年 ACIP 流感声明（2），并包含 LAIV4 使用指南。
