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描述和鉴定一种新型减毒三片段马丘波病毒在豚鼠中的作用。

Description and characterization of a novel live-attenuated tri-segmented Machupo virus in Guinea pigs.

机构信息

, Fab'entech, 24 rue Jean Baldassini Bat B 69007, Lyon, France.

Unité de virologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.

出版信息

Virol J. 2018 Jun 7;15(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s12985-018-1009-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12985-018-1009-4
PMID:29879985
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5992841/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Machupo virus (MACV) is a member of the Mammarenavirus genus, Arenaviridae family and is the etiologic agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, which causes small outbreaks or sporadic cases. Several other arenaviruses in South America Junín virus (JUNV) in Argentina, Guanarito in Venezuela, Sabiá in Brazil and Chapare in Bolivia, also are responsible for human hemorrhagic fevers. Among these arenaviruses, JUNV caused thousands of human cases until 1991, when the live attenuated Candid #1 vaccine, was used. Other than Candid #1 vaccine, few other therapeutic or prophylactic treatments exist. Therefore, new strategies for production of safe countermeasures with broad spectrum activity are needed.

FINDINGS

We tested a tri-segmented MACV, a potential vaccine candidate with several mutations, (r3MACV). In cell culture, r3MACV showed a 2-log reduction in infectious virus particle production and the MACV inhibition of INF-1β was removed from the construct and produced by infected cells. Furthermore, in an animal experiment, r3MACV was able to protect 50% of guinea pigs from a simultaneous lethal JUNV challenge. Protected animals didn't display clinical symptoms nor were virus particles found in peripheral blood (day 14) or in organs (day 28 post-inoculation). The r3MACV provided a higher protection than the Candid #1 vaccine.

CONCLUSIONS

The r3MACV provides a potential countermeasure against two South America arenaviruses responsible of human hemorrhagic fever.

摘要

背景

马丘波病毒（MACV）是沙粒病毒科 Arenaviridae 家族的 Mammarenavirus 属的成员，是玻利维亚出血热的病原体，可引起小范围暴发或散发性病例。南美洲的其他几种沙粒病毒，如阿根廷的 Junín 病毒（JUNV）、委内瑞拉的 Guanarito 病毒、巴西的 Sabiá 病毒和玻利维亚的 Chapare 病毒，也可导致人类出血热。在这些沙粒病毒中，JUNV 导致了数千例人类病例，直到 1991 年使用了减毒活疫苗 Candid #1。除了 Candid #1 疫苗外，几乎没有其他治疗或预防方法。因此，需要新的策略来生产具有广谱活性的安全对策。

结果

我们测试了一种具有多个突变的三片段 MACV（r3MACV），它是一种潜在的疫苗候选物。在细胞培养中，r3MACV 显示出 2 个对数减少的感染性病毒粒子产生，并且从构建体中去除了 MACV 对 INF-1β 的抑制，并由感染的细胞产生。此外，在动物实验中，r3MACV 能够保护 50%的豚鼠免受同时致命的 JUNV 挑战。受保护的动物没有表现出临床症状，也没有在外周血（接种后第 14 天）或器官（接种后第 28 天）中发现病毒粒子。r3MACV 提供的保护比 Candid #1 疫苗更高。

结论

r3MACV 为两种导致人类出血热的南美洲沙粒病毒提供了一种潜在的对策。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/0519358d21bf/12985_2018_1009_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/11ec1c352edb/12985_2018_1009_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/23a46e746c79/12985_2018_1009_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/a9b52e57897b/12985_2018_1009_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/9dbb6891f2e1/12985_2018_1009_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/0519358d21bf/12985_2018_1009_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/11ec1c352edb/12985_2018_1009_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/23a46e746c79/12985_2018_1009_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/a9b52e57897b/12985_2018_1009_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/9dbb6891f2e1/12985_2018_1009_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6532/5992841/0519358d21bf/12985_2018_1009_Fig5_HTML.jpg

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