Results of conservative operations for breast cancer.

The results of conservative operations for breast cancer in 1,593 patients treated at the Cleveland Clinic between 1957 through 1975 are reported. During this period, we individualized our treatment of breast cancer depending on tumor size, location in the breast, and clinical stage of the disease. The following three principal operations were performed: modified radical mastectomy in 592 patients (37%), simple (total) mastectomy in 442 patients (28%), and partial (segmental) mastectomy in 291 patients (18%). Survival results at 5, 10, and 15 years are reported. Factors important in long-term survival included stage of the disease, number of lymph node metastases, delay in therapy, size of the tumor, histologic type, and estrogen receptor status; type of operation was not a significant factor. In this series, partial (segmental) mastectomy without radiation therapy provided five- to 15-year survival rates equal to modified radical mastectomy and simple (total) mastectomy.