a School of Pharmacy , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand.
Pharm Dev Technol. 2018 Dec;23(10):942-952. doi: 10.1080/10837450.2018.1484766. Epub 2018 Jul 24.
Drug delivery via the rectum is a useful alternative route of administration to the oral route for patients who cannot swallow. Traditional rectal dosage forms have been historically used for localized treatments including delivery of laxatives, treatment of hemorrhoids and for delivery of antipyretics. However, the recent trend is showing an increase in the development of novel rectal delivery systems to deliver drug directly into the systemic circulation by taking advantage of porto-systemic shunting. The present review is based on research studies carried out between years 1969-2017. Data for this review have been derived from keyword searches using Scopus and Medline databases. Novel rectal drug delivery systems including hollow-type suppositories, thermo-responsive and muco-adhesive liquid suppositories, and nanoparticulate systems incorporated into an appropriate vehicle have offered more control over delivery of drug molecules for local or systemic actions. In addition, various methods for in vitro-in vivo evaluation of rectal drug delivery systems are covered which is as important as the formulation, and must be carried out using appropriate methodology. Continuous research and development in this field of drug delivery may unleash the hidden potential of the rectal drug delivery systems.
经直肠给药是一种可替代口服途径的给药方式，适用于不能吞咽的患者。传统的直肠剂型在历史上一直用于局部治疗，包括泻药的给药、痔疮的治疗以及退热剂的给药。然而，最近的趋势表明，人们越来越倾向于开发新型直肠给药系统，通过利用门体分流将药物直接递送到体循环中。本综述基于 1969 年至 2017 年期间进行的研究。本综述的数据来源于 Scopus 和 Medline 数据库的关键词搜索。新型直肠给药系统，包括中空型栓剂、温度响应型和黏膜黏附型液体栓剂，以及整合到适当载体中的纳米颗粒系统，为局部或全身作用的药物分子的传递提供了更多的控制。此外，还涵盖了各种用于直肠药物传递系统的体外-体内评价方法，这与制剂一样重要，必须使用适当的方法进行。在药物传递领域的持续研究和开发可能会释放直肠药物传递系统的隐藏潜力。
