Kurkin D V, Bakulin D A, Robertus A I, Kolosov Yu A, Krysanov I S, Morkovin E I, Strygin A V, Gorbunova J V, Makarenko I E, Drai R V, Makarova E V, Pavlova E V, Kudrin R А, Ivanova O V
Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of A.I. Evdokimov.
Volgograd State Medical University.
Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2024 Jan 24;69(6):86-101. doi: 10.14341/probl13251.
2021 marks the 100th anniversary of the discovery of insulin, an event that forever changed the lives of people with diabetes mellitus. At present patients around the world experience the miracle of insulin therapy every day. A disease that used to kill children and teenagers in 2 years in 1920 has become a disease that can be controlled with a possibility to lead a long productive life. Over the past century, the great discovery of Banting, Best and Collip has forever changed the world and saved millions of lives. This review is devoted to the history of the development of insulin and its further improvement: from the moment of discovery to the present days. Various generations of insulin are considered: from animals to modern ultrashort and basal analogues. The article ends with a brief review of current trends in the development of new delivery methods and the development of new insulin molecules. Over the past century, insulin therapy has come a long way, which has significantly improved the quality of life of our patients. But research is actively continuing, including in the field of alternative methods of insulin delivery, which are more convenient for the patient, as well as in the development of «smart» molecules that will have a glucose-dependent effect.
2021年是胰岛素发现100周年，这一事件永远改变了糖尿病患者的生活。目前，世界各地的患者每天都在体验胰岛素治疗的奇迹。一种在1920年曾在两年内夺走儿童和青少年生命的疾病，如今已成为一种可以得到控制、患者有可能过上长寿且充实生活的疾病。在过去的一个世纪里，班廷、贝斯特和科利普的伟大发现永远改变了世界，拯救了数百万人的生命。这篇综述致力于胰岛素的发展历程及其进一步改进：从发现之时到如今。文中探讨了各代胰岛素：从动物胰岛素到现代超短效和基础胰岛素类似物。文章最后简要回顾了新型给药方法和新型胰岛素分子研发的当前趋势。在过去的一个世纪里，胰岛素治疗取得了长足的进步，显著提高了我们患者的生活质量。但研究仍在积极继续，包括更方便患者的胰岛素替代给药方法领域，以及研发具有葡萄糖依赖性作用的“智能”分子。
