Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação Nutrição em Saúde Pública, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
Yale Univeristy, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, United States.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2019 Sep-Oct;95(5):584-592. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
To analyze the prevalence of ultra-processed food intake among children under one year of age and to identify associated factors.
A cross-sectional design was employed. We interviewed 198 mothers of children aged between 6 and 12 months in primary healthcare units located in a city of the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. Specific foods consumed in the previous 24h of the interview were considered to evaluate the consumption of ultra-processed foods. Variables related to mothers' and children's characteristics as well as primary healthcare units were grouped into three blocks of increasingly proximal influence on the outcome. A Poisson regression analysis was performed following a statistical hierarchical modeling to determine factors associated with ultra-processed food intake.
The prevalence of ultra-processed food intake was 43.1%. Infants that were not being breastfed had a higher prevalence of ultra-processed food intake but no statistical significance was found. Lower maternal education (prevalence ratio 1.55 [1.08-2.24]) and the child's first appointment at the primary healthcare unit having happened after the first week of life (prevalence ratio 1.51 [1.01-2.27]) were factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods.
High consumption of ultra-processed foods among children under 1 year of age was found. Both maternal socioeconomic status and time until the child's first appointment at the primary healthcare unit were associated with the prevalence of ultra-processed food intake.
分析 1 岁以下儿童超加工食品摄入的流行情况，并确定相关因素。
采用横断面设计。我们对 198 名 6 至 12 个月大的儿童的母亲进行了访谈，这些母亲均来自巴西圣保罗大都市地区的基层医疗单位。在访谈前 24 小时内摄入的特定食物被认为是超加工食品的摄入量。与母亲和儿童特征以及基层医疗单位相关的变量被分为三个块，这些块按照对结果的影响程度逐渐增加。采用泊松回归分析进行统计分层建模，以确定与超加工食品摄入相关的因素。
超加工食品摄入的流行率为 43.1%。未进行母乳喂养的婴儿超加工食品摄入的流行率更高，但无统计学意义。母亲教育程度较低（流行比 1.55 [1.08-2.24]）和儿童首次在基层医疗单位就诊时间在出生后第一周之后（流行比 1.51 [1.01-2.27]）是与超加工食品摄入相关的因素。
发现 1 岁以下儿童超加工食品摄入量较高。母亲的社会经济地位和儿童首次在基层医疗单位就诊的时间与超加工食品摄入的流行率有关。
