Alzaheb Riyadh A, Alatawi Norah, Daoud Khawla A, Altawil Naema
1 Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King Khalid Hospital, Tabuk City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2017 Mar;87(1-2):37-48. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000250. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Background: Establishing understanding of infants' dietary intakes can support interventions to improve their diets and overall health. Because information on the dietary intakes of infants aged ≤12 months in Saudi Arabia is scarce, this study examined the diets of infants aged 6 and 12 months in Saudi Arabia and determined their main dietary sources of total energy and macronutrients.
A crosssectional dietary survey employing a single 24-hour recall was performed between May and December 2015 with a sample of mothers of 278 healthy 6-month-old and 259 12-month-old infants. An analysis of the dietary intake data determined the nutrient intake adequacy and the percentage contributions of foods to energy and macronutrient intakes.
The respective mean daily energy intakes of the 6-month-old and 12-month-old infants in the study were 703 kcal and 929 kcal. Both age groups recorded adequate nutrient intakes, with the exception that the 6-month-olds' mean vitamin D intake fell below the recommended Adequate Intake (AI), and the 12-month-olds' intakes of omega-6 fatty acids and vitamin D were also below the AI, along with their iron intake which fell short of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).
The data generated here will assist health professionals in planning interventions which aim to improve infants' diets and to offer guidance to parents on the appropriate selection of food for their infants.
背景：了解婴儿的饮食摄入量有助于采取干预措施改善他们的饮食和整体健康状况。由于沙特阿拉伯关于12个月及以下婴儿饮食摄入量的信息匮乏，本研究调查了沙特阿拉伯6个月和12个月婴儿的饮食情况，并确定了他们总能量和宏量营养素的主要饮食来源。
2015年5月至12月期间，对278名健康6个月大婴儿和259名12个月大婴儿的母亲进行了抽样，采用单一24小时回忆法进行横断面饮食调查。对饮食摄入数据的分析确定了营养摄入充足率以及食物对能量和宏量营养素摄入的贡献率。
本研究中6个月和12个月婴儿的平均每日能量摄入量分别为703千卡和929千卡。两个年龄组的营养摄入量均充足，但6个月大婴儿的平均维生素D摄入量低于推荐的适宜摄入量（AI），12个月大婴儿的ω-6脂肪酸、维生素D摄入量以及铁摄入量也低于AI，铁摄入量未达到推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）。
本研究所得数据将有助于卫生专业人员规划旨在改善婴儿饮食的干预措施，并为家长就为婴儿选择合适食物提供指导。
