Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (CHÉOS), Providence Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Jun 11;18(1):724. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5656-6.
Chronic exposure to sleep deprivation may increase the risk of depression in young people who are particularly vulnerable to changes in sleep and mental health. Sleep deprivation and incident depression may also differ by gender. We investigated the prospective association between cumulative sleep deprivation and subsequent levels of depressive symptomatology among adolescents from a gender perspective.
A longitudinal study of 3071 young people in the British Columbia Adolescent Substance Use Survey (BASUS) cohort with three sleep time and two depression measures over 12 months (2011-12). Multivariable linear regression models with interaction terms estimated gender-specific associations between self-reported chronic sleep deprivation and changes in depressive symptomatology; post-estimation analysis calculated adjusted mean depression scores for each level of cumulative sleep deprivation.
Cumulative sleep deprivation was associated with a monotonic increase in depression scores at follow-up in young women, but no consistent pattern was seen in young men. During follow-up, 15% of young women were chronically sleep deprived and 29% were depressed (CESD ≥24). Young women reporting chronic exposure to sleep deprivation had higher CESD scores at follow-up (21.50 points, [CI95 19.55-23.45]), than those reporting no history (16.59 [15.72-17.45]); that remained after multivariable adjustment (19.48 [17.59-21.38]).
Results suggested that chronic sleep deprivation increases the risk of major depression among young women. Mental health promotion for young people should include relevant strategies to ensure young women can achieve recommended amounts of sleep.
慢性睡眠剥夺可能会增加易受睡眠和心理健康变化影响的年轻人患抑郁症的风险。睡眠剥夺和随后的抑郁发作也可能因性别而异。我们从性别角度研究了青少年累积性睡眠剥夺与随后抑郁症状水平之间的前瞻性关联。
这是一项对不列颠哥伦比亚青少年物质使用调查（BASUS）队列中 3071 名年轻人进行的纵向研究，该队列在 12 个月内进行了三次睡眠时间测量和两次抑郁测量（2011-12 年）。使用具有交互项的多变量线性回归模型估计了自我报告的慢性睡眠剥夺与抑郁症状变化之间的性别特异性关联；事后估计分析计算了每个累积睡眠剥夺水平的调整后平均抑郁评分。
在女性青少年中，累积性睡眠剥夺与随访时抑郁评分的单调增加相关，但在男性青少年中未观察到一致的模式。在随访期间，15%的女性青少年长期睡眠不足，29%的女性青少年抑郁（CESD≥24）。报告慢性暴露于睡眠剥夺的年轻女性在随访时 CESD 评分更高（21.50 分，[CI95 19.55-23.45]），高于无病史的年轻女性（16.59 [15.72-17.45]）；多变量调整后仍如此（19.48 [17.59-21.38]）。
结果表明，慢性睡眠剥夺会增加年轻女性患重度抑郁症的风险。应将包含相关策略的年轻人心理健康促进措施纳入其中，以确保年轻女性能够获得推荐的睡眠时间。
