Bruchhage Muriel M K, Bucci Maria-Pia, Becker Esther B E
Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;155:61-72. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64189-2.00004-4.
The cerebellum has long been known for its importance in motor learning and coordination. However, increasing evidence supports a role for the cerebellum in cognition and emotion. Consistent with a role in cognitive functions, the cerebellum has emerged as one of the key brain regions affected in nonmotor disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Here, we discuss behavioral, postmortem, genetic, and neuroimaging studies in humans in order to understand the cerebellar contributions to the pathogenesis of both disorders. We also review relevant animal model findings.
长期以来，小脑因其在运动学习和协调方面的重要性而为人所知。然而，越来越多的证据支持小脑在认知和情感方面发挥作用。与在认知功能中的作用一致，小脑已成为受非运动障碍影响的关键脑区之一，这些非运动障碍包括自闭症谱系障碍和注意力缺陷多动障碍。在此，我们讨论人类的行为、尸检、基因和神经影像学研究，以了解小脑在这两种疾病发病机制中的作用。我们还回顾了相关动物模型的研究结果。
