Brosnan Maria J, Rakhit Dhrubo
St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK.
Heart Lung Circ. 2018 Sep;27(9):1052-1062. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.04.297. Epub 2018 May 16.
In athletes who undertake a high volume of high intensity exercise, the resultant changes in cardiac structure and function which develop as a result of physiological adaptation to exercise (so called "Athlete's Heart") may overlap with some features of pathological conditions. This chapter will focus on the left side of the heart, where left ventricular cavity enlargement, increase in left ventricular wall thickness and increased left ventricular trabeculation associated with athletic remodelling may sometimes be difficult to differentiate from conditions such as dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or isolated left ventricular non-compaction. The distinction between physiological versus pathological changes in athletes is imperative as an incorrect diagnosis can have important consequences, such as exclusion from competitive sport, or false reassurance and missed opportunity for effective therapeutic intervention.
在进行大量高强度运动的运动员中，由于对运动的生理适应（即所谓的“运动员心脏”）而导致的心脏结构和功能的变化，可能与某些病理状况的特征重叠。本章将聚焦于心脏的左侧，在那里，与运动重塑相关的左心室腔扩大、左心室壁厚度增加以及左心室小梁增多，有时可能难以与扩张型心肌病、肥厚型心肌病或孤立性左心室心肌致密化不全等疾病相区分。区分运动员的生理变化与病理变化至关重要，因为错误的诊断可能会产生重要后果，例如被排除在竞技运动之外，或者给予错误的安心并错过有效治疗干预的机会。
