Guo Xuan, Zhong Jin-Yi, Li Jun-Wen
Research Institute of Chemical Defense, No.1 Huaiyin Road, Beijing 102205, China.
Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, No.1 Dali Road, Tianjin 300050, China.
J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2018 Jun;8(2):195-204. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.02.003. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
In the twenty-seven years since the discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV) the majority of individuals exposed to HCV establish a persistent infection, which is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In developed nations, the cure rates of HCV infection could be over 90% with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens, which has made the great progress in global eradication. However, the cost of these treatments is so expensive that the patients in developing nations, where the disease burden is the most severe, could not afford it, which highly restricted its access. Additionally, the largely asymptomatic nature of infection facilitates continued transmission in risk groups due to limited surveillance. Consequently a protective vaccine and likely emergence of drug-resistant viral variants call for further studies of HCV biology. In the current review, the development and the progress of preventive and therapeutic vaccines against the HCV have been reviewed in the context of peptide vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, HCV-like particle, DNA vaccines and viral vectors expressing HCV genes.
自丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）被发现的27年来，大多数接触HCV的个体都会形成持续感染，这是慢性肝病、肝硬化和肝细胞癌的主要病因。在发达国家，直接作用抗病毒药物（DAA）方案可使HCV感染的治愈率超过90%，这在全球根除方面取得了巨大进展。然而，这些治疗费用昂贵，疾病负担最为严重的发展中国家的患者无力承担，这严重限制了其可及性。此外，由于监测有限，感染在很大程度上无症状的特性促使其在风险群体中持续传播。因此，需要进一步研究HCV生物学，以开发保护性疫苗并应对可能出现的耐药病毒变种。在本综述中，我们在肽疫苗、重组蛋白疫苗、HCV样颗粒、DNA疫苗以及表达HCV基因的病毒载体的背景下，对HCV预防性和治疗性疫苗的发展与进展进行了综述。
