Terry Paul E
American Journal of Health Promotion President and CEO, Health Enhancement Research Organization (HERO).
Am J Health Promot. 2018 Jun;32(5):1165-1169. doi: 10.1177/0890117118773270.
Opioid addiction has been cast as a "disease of despair."1 I agree, but I wonder still: If tobacco and opioids were on a spectrum relative to the relief they provide from social, emotional, financial, and other sources of pain in the lives of the disenfranchised, could it be that they are indeed 2 sides of the same coin? For individuals in despair, pain relief is a complicit actor in what will become pleasure seeking and, for smokers, vice versa. Every year, almost as many people are dying by incidentally being near smokers as are dying by accidentally overdosing. Our opioid epidemic has been declared a national public health emergency, though the annual death toll from tobacco is 10 times greater. How should we reconcile this? As is extraordinarily represented in my interview with Dr Harry Lando and as is evident from the range of articles on tobacco control in this special issue, tobacco addiction research draws from every corner of psychology, sociology, philosophy, and other disciplines intent on understanding the human condition.
阿片类药物成瘾被视为一种“绝望之症”。我认同这一点,但我仍在思考:如果烟草和阿片类药物在为被剥夺权利者缓解社会、情感、经济及生活中其他痛苦来源方面处于一个连续体上,那么它们是否真的是同一枚硬币的两面呢?对于处于绝望中的个体而言,缓解痛苦会成为追求快感的促成因素,而对于吸烟者来说,情况则相反。每年,因偶然靠近吸烟者而死亡的人数几乎与因意外过量服用阿片类药物死亡的人数相当。我们的阿片类药物流行已被宣布为国家公共卫生紧急事件,然而烟草造成的年死亡人数却是其10倍之多。我们该如何协调这一点呢?正如我对哈里·兰多博士的采访中所特别体现的,以及从本期关于烟草控制的一系列文章中所明显看出的那样,烟草成瘾研究借鉴了心理学、社会学、哲学和其他旨在理解人类状况的学科的各个方面。