Department of Geriatric Medicine, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland.
QJM. 2019 Mar 1;112(3):165-167. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy126.
Vitamin D deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, however uncertainty persists regarding the benefits of vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D is essential for calcium homeostasis, and has been linked to falls and fractures in older people. There are numerous risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, chief among them old age. Studies of vitamin D supplementation have given mixed signals, but over all there is evidence of benefit for those with risk factors for deficiency. International guidelines recommend vitamin D target levels of >25 to >80 nmol/l, best achieved by a daily dose of 800-1000 IU. Large bolus doses should be avoided. There are still unanswered questions regarding vitamin D supplementation and target levels. There is need for well designed and powered trials to achieve consensus.
维生素 D 缺乏是全世界最常见的营养缺乏症，但关于维生素 D 补充的益处仍存在不确定性。维生素 D 对钙稳态至关重要，并且与老年人的跌倒和骨折有关。维生素 D 缺乏有许多危险因素，其中主要是年龄增长。关于维生素 D 补充的研究结果喜忧参半，但总体而言，对于有缺乏风险因素的人来说，补充维生素 D 是有益的。国际指南建议维生素 D 的目标水平为 >25 至 >80nmol/l，通过每天 800-1000IU 的剂量最佳实现。应避免大剂量的单次补充。关于维生素 D 补充和目标水平仍存在一些尚未解答的问题。需要精心设计和有力的试验来达成共识。
