State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica& Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica& Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
Brain Res Bull. 2018 Jun;140:341-346. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 9.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative disease of the nervous system, which is characterized by movement disorders, such as static tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia in advanced patients. Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction, such as gastric dysmotility, constipation, and anorectic dysfunction, is common non-motor symptom in the early stage of PD. The progression of PD includes the degenerative loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and aggregation of α-synuclein in the substantia nigra (SN). Interestingly, both of them are also present in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of PD patients. In this review, we describe the relationship between non-motor symptoms particularly GI dysfunction and the pathogenesis of PD, aiming to show the powerful evidences about the prion-like propagation of α-synuclein and support the hypothesis of gut-brain axis in PD. We then summarize the mechanism of the gut-brain axis and confirm α-synuclein as a potential target for drug design or new clinical treatment.
帕金森病（PD）是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，其特征是运动障碍，如晚期患者的静态震颤、僵硬和运动迟缓。胃肠道（GI）功能障碍，如胃动力障碍、便秘和厌食功能障碍，是 PD 早期常见的非运动症状。PD 的进展包括多巴胺能（DA）神经元的退行性丧失和黑质（SN）中α-突触核蛋白的聚集。有趣的是，它们也存在于 PD 患者的肠神经系统（ENS）中。在这篇综述中，我们描述了非运动症状，特别是胃肠道功能障碍与 PD 发病机制之间的关系，旨在展示α-突触核蛋白类朊病毒传播的有力证据，并支持 PD 中肠-脑轴的假说。然后，我们总结了肠-脑轴的机制，并确认α-突触核蛋白是药物设计或新临床治疗的潜在靶点。
