Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749 Jena, Germany.
Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743 Jena, Germany; Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2018 Oct;208:614-625. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.137. Epub 2018 May 24.
During growth and senescence, fungal fruiting bodies accumulate essential and non-essential elements to different extent in their compartments. This study bases on a dataset of 32 basidiocarps of the ectomycorrhizal Lactarius pubescens sampled in a former U mining area. Statistical analyses were combined with rare earth element (REE, La-Lu) patterns to study the element distribution within sporocarp compartments and between three different age classes. For this purpose, fruiting bodies were separated into stipe, pileus trama, pileipelles and lamellae, dried and digested with HNO. While macronutrient (e.g. K, Mg, P, S) contents resemble those of a non-mining affected site, several elements (e.g. Co, Mn) were site-specifically taken up relative to elevated soil contents. With statistics, two main element distribution groups for L. pubescens were revealed: mainly essential (Cu, Mg, Mn, P, S, Zn, Cd, Co, Ni) and mainly non-essential elements (Al, Ca, Fe, Sr, U, REE). The highest REE contents were found in pileipelles and lamellae, corresponding to relatively small cell sizes. Stipes and pileus trama had low REE contents due to their function as transport systems. During growth, light REE (La-Nd) were strongly enriched in lamellae and pileipelles. Middle REE (Sm-Dy) enrichment was found both in soil and fungal biomass. Contents of nutrients decrease with age, while non-essential elements are enriched especially in pileipelles and lamellae. A weak positive Ce anomaly appeared in the bioavailable soil fraction and in the pileipelles of younger individuals. Substrate dependent uptake thus gets reduced with sporocarp senescence, possibly due to redistribution.
在生长和衰老过程中，真菌子实体在其隔室内不同程度地积累必需和非必需元素。本研究基于 32 个外生菌根乳菇（Lactarius pubescens）子实体的数据集，这些子实体是在前苏联铀矿区采集的。统计分析与稀土元素（REE，La-Lu）模式相结合，研究了子实体隔室内和三个不同年龄组之间的元素分布。为此，将子实体分为柄、菌盖组织、菌褶和菌褶，干燥后用 HNO3 消化。虽然大量营养元素（如 K、Mg、P、S）的含量与未受矿区影响的地点相似，但与土壤中升高的含量相比，一些元素（如 Co、Mn）的吸收具有特定的地点。通过统计学方法，揭示了乳菇的两种主要元素分布组：主要是必需元素（Cu、Mg、Mn、P、S、Zn、Cd、Co、Ni）和主要是非必需元素（Al、Ca、Fe、Sr、U、REE）。菌褶和菌褶中的 REE 含量最高，对应于相对较小的细胞大小。由于其作为运输系统的功能，柄和菌盖组织中的 REE 含量较低。在生长过程中，轻 REE（La-Nd）在菌褶和菌褶中强烈富集。中 REE（Sm-Dy）的富集在土壤和真菌生物量中都有发现。随着年龄的增长，营养元素的含量减少，而非必需元素在菌褶和菌褶中富集。在可利用的土壤部分和年轻个体的菌褶中出现了微弱的正铈异常。因此，随着子实体衰老，基质依赖性吸收减少，可能是由于再分配。
