乙烯调节大麦根皮层衰老。
Ethylene modulates root cortical senescence in barley.
机构信息
Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften Pflanzenwissenschaften (IBG-2), Jülich, Germany.
Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
出版信息
Ann Bot. 2018 Jun 28;122(1):95-105. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcy059.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Root cortical senescence (RCS) is a poorly understood phenomenon with implications for adaptation to edaphic stress. It was hypothesized that RCS in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is (1) accelerated by exogenous ethylene exposure; (2) accompanied by differential expression of ethylene synthesis and signalling genes; and (3) associated with differential expression of programmed cell death (PCD) genes.
METHODS
Gene expression of root segments from four barley genotypes with and without RCS was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The progression of RCS was manipulated with root zone ethylene and ethylene inhibitor applications.
KEY RESULTS
The results demonstrate that ethylene modulates RCS. Four genes related to ethylene synthesis and signalling were upregulated during RCS in optimal, low nitrogen and low phosphorus nutrient regimes. RCS was accelerated by root zone ethylene treatment, and this effect was reversed by an ethylene action inhibitor. Roots treated with exogenous ethylene had 35 and 46 % more cortical senescence compared with the control aeration treatment in seminal and nodal roots, respectively. RCS was correlated with expression of two genes related to programmed cell death (PCD).
CONCLUSIONS
The development of RCS is similar to root cortical aerenchyma formation with respect to ethylene modulation of the PCD process.
背景与目的
根皮层衰老（RCS）是一种尚未被充分理解的现象，可能与适应土壤胁迫有关。本研究假设大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）的 RCS 表现为：（1）对外源乙烯暴露的加速；（2）伴随着乙烯合成和信号转导基因的差异表达；（3）与程序性细胞死亡（PCD）基因的差异表达相关。
方法
使用定量实时 PCR（qRT-PCR）评估了具有和不具有 RCS 的四个大麦基因型的根段的基因表达情况。通过根区乙烯和乙烯抑制剂的应用来操纵 RCS 的进展。
主要结果
结果表明，乙烯可调节 RCS。在最佳、低氮和低磷养分条件下，与乙烯合成和信号转导相关的四个基因在 RCS 期间上调。根区乙烯处理加速了 RCS，而乙烯作用抑制剂则逆转了这一效应。与对照通气处理相比，外源乙烯处理的根分别在种子根和节根中有 35%和 46%更多的皮层衰老。RCS 与两个与程序性细胞死亡（PCD）相关的基因表达相关。
结论
就 PCD 过程中乙烯对其的调节而言，RCS 的发展与根皮层通气组织的形成相似。
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