Cheng Jiali, Ma Yanning, Liu Tingting, Zhuo Qin
Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2017 Jan;46(1):148-154.
To investigate the contamination and health risks of heavy metals in the seafood from China.
Statistical characteristics of the concentrations of five metals, i. e. , Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Hg, in the marine fishes, shellfishes and bivalves from China offshore waters were investigated, and their health risks were assessed using the target hazard quotient model recommended by US EPA, based on the available information regarding the metal concentrations reported in published literatures.
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated that all the five metals in the seafood had skewed concentration distributions. In the study, several independent samples tests showed that the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Cd were significantly different( P < 0. 05). No significant differences were observed for Hg levels in seafood. The levels of five metals in the marine fishes, shellfishes and bivalves from China were generally low based on the published data. The Chinese seafood was polluted by Pb and Cd obviously, but the pollutions ranged in low levels. The light pollutions of As were observed in Chinaseafood from some offshore waters. The concentrations of Hg in the Chinese seafood were generally ranged in the safe level. Health risk assessment indicated that the hazard quotients of As and Cd in shellfish were 1. 15 and 1. 23 for children, respectively, at the95 th percentile. The hazard quotients of Cd in bivalves were 1. 16 and 2. 04 for adults and children, respectively, at the 95 th percentile. The findings suggested that there were health risks from exposure to Cd and As in a few of shellfishes and bivalves. The noncarcinogenic risks of other metals in seafood were acceptable.
The metal pollutions in Chinese seafood are generally low, but the risk of multiple metals exposure in the seafood should be of concern.
调查中国海产品中重金属的污染情况及健康风险。
研究了中国近岸海域海洋鱼类、贝类和双壳类中铅、镉、铬、砷和汞这五种金属浓度的统计特征，并根据已发表文献中报道的金属浓度信息，采用美国环境保护局推荐的目标风险商数模型对其健康风险进行评估。
柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验表明，海产品中所有五种金属的浓度分布均呈偏态。在该研究中，多个独立样本检验显示，铅、镉、铬、砷和镉的浓度存在显著差异（P<0.05）。海产品中汞含量未观察到显著差异。根据已发表数据，中国海洋鱼类、贝类和双壳类中五种金属的含量总体较低。中国海产品明显受到铅和镉的污染，但污染程度较低。在中国一些近岸海域的海产品中观察到砷的轻度污染。中国海产品中汞的浓度总体处于安全水平。健康风险评估表明，贝类中砷和镉在第95百分位数时，儿童的风险商数分别为1.15和1.23。双壳类中镉在第95百分位数时，成人和儿童的风险商数分别为1.16和2.04。研究结果表明，少数贝类和双壳类中存在镉和砷暴露带来的健康风险。海产品中其他金属的非致癌风险可以接受。
中国海产品中的金属污染总体较低，但海产品中多种金属暴露的风险值得关注。
