Gil Alexandra B, Piva Sara R, Irrgang James J
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 210, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 210, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 2018 Jul;37(3):427-440. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2018.03.008.
Evidence-based practice changed how health care professionals are taught medical practice. Despite all best intentions, many health care professionals have limited knowledge to assess the validity and usefulness of the medical literature. The goal of this article is to review the following basic considerations while appraising studies of intervention: (1) the hierarchy of evidence and the strengths and weaknesses of clinical studies, (2) the relevant elements of study design that impact validity of study results, and (3) the spectrum of efficacy and effectiveness of clinical studies and how these influence the applicability of study results to individual patients.
循证医学实践改变了医疗保健专业人员学习医学实践的方式。尽管初衷良好，但许多医疗保健专业人员评估医学文献的有效性和实用性的知识有限。本文的目的是在评估干预性研究时回顾以下基本要点：（1）证据等级以及临床研究的优缺点，（2）影响研究结果有效性的研究设计相关要素，以及（3）临床研究的疗效和效果范围，以及这些如何影响研究结果对个体患者的适用性。
