Rasmussen Vinni Faber, Vestergaard Esben Thyssen, Hejlesen Ole, Andersson Camilla Urup Noe, Cichosz Simon Lebech
Department of Pediatrics, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark.
Department of Pediatrics, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
Prim Care Diabetes. 2018 Oct;12(5):453-459. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.05.006. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
This study investigates the prevalence of smell and taste impairment in adults with diabetes and potential risk factors for sense deterioration and its influence of daily food intake.
Data from the NHANES 2013-2014 were analyzed. Smell impairment was defined as failing to identify ≥3 of 8 odors in NHANES Pocket Smell Test. Taste impairment was defined as being unable to identify quinine or NaCl in NHANES Tongue Tip and Whole-mouth Test.
A total of 3204 people (428 patients with diabetes, 2776 controls) were suitable to be included. The prevalence of smell impairment in patients with diabetes was higher compared to the controls: 22% versus 15% (p<0.001). The difference prevailed after adjustment for age, BMI, alcohol misuse and smoking status. Taste was not impaired in patients with diabetes (p=0.29). Patients with diabetes and smell impairment had a lower daily calorie intake compared to patients with diabetes and normal smell function. The duration of diabetes, diabetic complications and other potential risk factors were not associated with smell dysfunction.
Smell dysfunction appears with a higher prevalence in patients with diabetes, and this seems to negatively affect daily food intake.
本研究调查糖尿病成人患者嗅觉和味觉障碍的患病率、感觉功能减退的潜在危险因素及其对日常食物摄入量的影响。
分析2013 - 2014年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。嗅觉障碍定义为在NHANES便携式嗅觉测试中无法识别8种气味中的≥3种。味觉障碍定义为在NHANES舌尖和全口测试中无法识别奎宁或氯化钠。
共有3204人（428例糖尿病患者，2776例对照）适合纳入研究。糖尿病患者嗅觉障碍的患病率高于对照组：分别为22%和15%（p<0.001）。在调整年龄、体重指数、酒精滥用和吸烟状况后，差异仍然存在。糖尿病患者的味觉未受损（p = 0.29）。与嗅觉功能正常的糖尿病患者相比，嗅觉障碍的糖尿病患者每日热量摄入较低。糖尿病病程、糖尿病并发症和其他潜在危险因素与嗅觉功能障碍无关。
糖尿病患者嗅觉功能障碍患病率较高，这似乎对日常食物摄入量有负面影响。
