Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche Epidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Université Paris 13, Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017, Bobigny, France. Département de santé publique, Hôpital Avicenne (AP-HP), F-93017, Bobigny, France. Service de Gastro-Entérologie, Hôpital Avicenne (AP-HP), F-93017, Bobigny, France. INSERM U-987, Hôpital Ambroise Paré (APHP), Boulogne-Billancourt, France. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Ave Dr Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, 01246-907, Brazil.
Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Aug;113(8):1217-1228. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0137-1. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
Ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption has increased over the last decades and is raising concerns about potential adverse health effects. Our objective was to assess the association between UPF consumption and four functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs): irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional constipation (FC), functional diarrhea (FDh), and functional dyspepsia (FDy), in a large sample of French adults.
We analyzed dietary data of 33,343 participants from the web-based NutriNet-Santé cohort, who completed at least three 24 h food records, prior to a Rome III self-administered questionnaire. Proportion (in weight) of UPF in the diet (UPFp) was computed for each subject. The association between UPFp quartiles and FGIDs was estimated by multivariable logistic regression.
Participants included in the analysis were mainly women (76.4%), and the mean age was 50.4 (SD = 14.0) years. UPF accounted for 16.0% of food consumed in weight, corresponding to 33.0% of total energy intake. UPF consumption was associated with younger age, living alone, lower incomes, higher BMI, and lower physical activity level (all p < 0.0001). A total of 3516 participants reported IBS (10.5%), 1785 FC (5.4%), 1303 FDy (3.9%), and 396 FDh (1.1%). After adjusting for confounding factors, an increase in UPFp was associated with a higher risk of IBS (OR [95% CI]: 1.25 [1.12-1.39], p-trend < 0.0001).
This study suggests an association between UPF and IBS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm those results and understand the relative impact of the nutritional composition and specific characteristics of UPF in this relationship.
超加工食品（UPF）的消费在过去几十年中有所增加，这引发了人们对其潜在不良健康影响的关注。我们的目的是在法国成年人的大样本中评估 UPF 消费与四种功能性胃肠疾病（FGIDs）之间的关联：肠易激综合征（IBS）、功能性便秘（FC）、功能性腹泻（FDh）和功能性消化不良（FDy）。
我们分析了来自基于网络的 NutriNet-Santé 队列的 33343 名参与者的饮食数据，这些参与者在填写罗马 III 自填式问卷之前，至少完成了三次 24 小时食物记录。为每个研究对象计算了饮食中超加工食品的比例（重量）（UPFp）。采用多变量逻辑回归估计 UPFp 四分位数与 FGIDs 之间的关联。
纳入分析的参与者主要为女性（76.4%），平均年龄为 50.4（SD=14.0）岁。UPF 占所消耗食物重量的 16.0%，占总能量摄入的 33.0%。UPF 消费与年龄较小、独居、收入较低、BMI 较高和体力活动水平较低有关（均 p<0.0001）。共有 3516 名参与者报告患有 IBS（10.5%）、1785 名 FC（5.4%）、1303 名 FDy（3.9%）和 396 名 FDh（1.1%）。在调整混杂因素后，UPFp 的增加与 IBS 的风险增加相关（OR [95%CI]：1.25 [1.12-1.39]，p 趋势<0.0001）。
本研究表明 UPF 与 IBS 之间存在关联。需要进一步的纵向研究来证实这些结果，并了解 UPF 的营养成分和特定特征在这种关系中的相对影响。
