Bazargaliyev Y, Batyrova G, Zhamankulova D, Agzamova R
West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Georgian Med News. 2018 May(278):103-107.
Aim of research - to study the iodine supply of the region according to the degree of urinary iodine excretion in the West region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Of 6493 schoolchildren participating in the study of the frequency of goiter, random sampling was applied to select 884 children to determine UIC. To establish the excretion of inorganic iodine in a single portion of urine in the field, express diagnostics, the "Iodine test" kits (manufactured in Ukraine), was applied. The collection of urine for the determination of UIC was carried out in disposable cups, hermetically sealed with stoppers to prevent the entry of iodine vapors into the test samples. The test was carried out immediately after urine collection. The concentration of iodine in the urine was expressed in μg/l. The method is semiquantitative and makes it possible to distinguish urine samples with iodine content below 70, from 70 to 100, from 100 to 300 and above 300 μg/L. The obtained data on the study of UIC in schoolchildren in the West Kazakhstan showed that the proportion of children with optimal urinary excretion of iodine (100-300 μg/L) is 62.67% (95% CI: 59.48-65.86%). Indices ranging from 100 to 200 μg/L were detected in 27.15% (95% CI: 24.22-30.08%, more than 200 μg/L and up to 300 μg/L - in 35.52% (95% CI: 32.37-38.68%) of schoolchildren. UIC exceeds 300 μg/L - in 18.89% (95% CI: 16.31-21.47%) of schoolchildren. Concentration of iodine in the urine of more than 400 μg/L was determined in 1.81% (95% CI: 0.93-2.69%) of children. Low excretion rates of iodine, less than 70 μg/L, were detected in 2.83 % (95% CI: 1.74-3.92%) of schoolchildren, and from 70 μg/L to 100 μg/L - in 13.8 % (95% CI: 11.53-16.07%). Thus, in 62.67% (95% CI: 59.48-65.86%) there is an optimal allocation of iodine in the urine, it can be considered that iodine status of the population of West Kazakhstan is adequate. In West Kazakhstan, in the absence of iodine deficiency, a strained goiter endemia remains.The formation of goiter endemia in the region does not exclude the influence of other strumogenic factors, which need further study.
研究目的——根据哈萨克斯坦共和国西部地区尿碘排泄程度研究该地区的碘供应情况。在6493名参与甲状腺肿发病率研究的学龄儿童中，采用随机抽样方法选取884名儿童测定尿碘浓度（UIC）。为在现场确定单次尿样中无机碘的排泄情况，应用了“碘测试”试剂盒（乌克兰制造）进行快速诊断。用于测定UIC的尿液收集在一次性杯子中，用塞子密封，以防止碘蒸气进入测试样本。尿液收集后立即进行测试。尿碘浓度以μg/l表示。该方法为半定量方法，能够区分碘含量低于70μg/L、70至100μg/L、100至300μg/L以及高于300μg/L的尿样。哈萨克斯坦西部地区学龄儿童UIC研究获得的数据表明，尿碘排泄量处于最佳水平（100 - 300μg/L）的儿童比例为62.67%（95%置信区间：59.48 - 65.86%）。在27.15%（95%置信区间：24.22 - 30.08%）的学龄儿童中检测到碘指数在100至200μg/L之间，35.52%（95%置信区间：�2.37 - 38.68%）的学龄儿童碘指数高于200μg/L且不超过300μg/L。18.89%（95%置信区间：16.31 - 21.47%）的学龄儿童UIC超过300μg/L。在1.81%（95%置信区间：0.93 - 2.69%）的儿童中测定出尿碘浓度超过400μg/L。在2.83%（95%置信区间：1.74 - 3.92%）的学龄儿童中检测到碘排泄率较低，低于70μg/L，而在13.8%（95%置信区间：53 - 16.07%）的学龄儿童中碘排泄率在70μg/L至100μg/L之间。因此,62.67%（95%置信区间：59.48 - 65.86%）的人群尿碘分配处于最佳水平，可以认为哈萨克斯坦西部地区人群的碘状况充足。在哈萨克斯坦西部地区，尽管不存在碘缺乏情况，但紧张性甲状腺肿地方病仍然存在。该地区甲状腺肿地方病的形成并不排除其他致甲状腺肿因素的影响，这需要进一步研究。
