The Investigation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Seasonal Freeze-Thaw Rivers During Spring Flood Period: A Case Study in Songhua River and Yalu River, China.

The occurrence of 15 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water, sediments, and fish from Songhua River and Yalu River in Jilin Province, Northeast China, during their spring flood period were investigated for the first time. The short-chain perfluorobutanoic acid was the dominant PFAS in the water with the mean concentrations of 10 ng L in Songhua River and 9.0 ng L in Yalu River, and also dominant in sediments with the mean concentrations of 2.0 and 1.8 ng g dry weight. Perfluorodecane sulfonate was the predominant compound in fish. The detected frequencies and concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid were very low in the water, sediments, and fish. Low detected frequencies and concentrations of long-chain PFASs led to relative low sediment-water partition coefficients and bioaccumulation factors. The concentration levels of PFASs in the two rivers were lower than those in other major rivers in China.