情绪感知、非社会性认知和症状作为精神分裂症患者心理理论的预测指标。
Emotion perception, non-social cognition and symptoms as predictors of theory of mind in schizophrenia.
机构信息
NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, Nydalen 0424, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1171, Blindern 0318, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1094, Blindern 0317, Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
Compr Psychiatry. 2018 Aug;85:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
BACKGROUND
Theory of mind (ToM) can be divided into cognitive and affective ToM, and a distinction can be made between overmentalizing and undermentalizing errors. Research has shown that ToM in schizophrenia is associated with non-social and social cognition, and with clinical symptoms. In this study, we investigate cognitive and clinical predictors of different ToM processes.
METHODS
Ninety-one individuals with schizophrenia participated. ToM was measured with the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) yielding six scores (total ToM, cognitive ToM, affective ToM, overmentalizing errors, undermentalizing errors and no mentalizing errors). Neurocognition was indexed by a composite score based on the non-social cognitive tests in the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Emotion perception was measured with Emotion in Biological Motion (EmoBio), a point-light walker task. Clinical symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Seventy-one healthy control (HC) participants completed the MASC.
RESULTS
Individuals with schizophrenia showed large impairments compared to HC for all MASC scores, except overmentalizing errors. Hierarchical regression analyses with the six different MASC scores as dependent variables revealed that MCCB was a significant predictor of all MASC scores, explaining 8-18% of the variance. EmoBio increased the explained variance significantly, to 17-28%, except for overmentalizing errors. PANSS excited symptoms increased explained variance for total ToM, affective ToM and no mentalizing errors.
DISCUSSION
Both social and non-social cognition were significant predictors of ToM. Overmentalizing was only predicted by non-social cognition. Excited symptoms contributed to overall and affective ToM, and to no mentalizing errors.
背景
心理理论（ToM）可分为认知和情感 ToM，还可区分过度心理化和不足心理化错误。研究表明，精神分裂症患者的 ToM 与非社会和社会认知以及临床症状有关。在这项研究中，我们调查了不同 ToM 过程的认知和临床预测因子。
方法
91 名精神分裂症患者参与了研究。使用电影评估社会认知（MASC）来测量 ToM，得出 6 个分数（总 ToM、认知 ToM、情感 ToM、过度心理化错误、不足心理化错误和无心理化错误）。神经认知由基于 MATRICS 共识认知电池（MCCB）中 6 项非社会认知测试的综合得分来表示。情绪感知使用生物运动中的情绪（EmoBio），一种点光行人任务来测量。临床症状使用阳性和阴性综合征量表（PANSS）进行评估。71 名健康对照组（HC）参与者完成了 MASC。
结果
与 HC 相比，精神分裂症患者在所有 MASC 评分中都表现出较大的缺陷，除了过度心理化错误。以六个不同的 MASC 分数为因变量的层次回归分析表明，MCCB 是所有 MASC 分数的显著预测因子，解释了 8-18%的方差。EmoBio 显著增加了可解释的方差，达到 17-28%，除了过度心理化错误。PANSS 兴奋症状增加了总 ToM、情感 ToM 和无心理化错误的可解释方差。
讨论
社会和非社会认知都是 ToM 的重要预测因子。过度心理化仅由非社会认知预测。兴奋症状对总 ToM、情感 ToM 和无心理化错误都有贡献。
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