National Farm Medicine Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, 1000 North Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Jun 15;18(1):746. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5635-y.
Parental attitudes play a key role in their decisions to vaccinate adolescents against the human papillomavirus (HPV). Little is known, however, about the formative experiences that shape parents' attitudes about the HPV vaccine.
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 25 parents of 11-17 year old adolescents in Wisconsin who changed their HPV vaccine attitudes (per prior surveys) over one year. A modified grounded theory approach was then used to generate primary themes of attitudinal determinants.
Participants were predominately mothers. We identified three major themes that shaped parents' HPV attitudes: (1) the perceived likelihood of the HPV vaccine preventing cancer, (2) agency in adolescence and gauging their adolescent child's intent for sexual activity, (3) the credibility of HPV vaccine information sources. General messaging around cancer prevention did not always supersede some parents' concerns about the vaccine's perceived link to sexual activity. Parents often viewed their adolescent child's feelings about the HPV vaccine as a gauge of their (child's) intent for sexual activity. Interviewees felt a sense of responsibility to educate themselves about the HPV vaccine using multiple sources and particularly looked to their medical provider to filter conflicting information.
More family-specific (vs. disease-prevention) messaging and recommendations may be needed in the clinical environment to sway some parents' negative attitudes about the HPV vaccine. Future research should explore additional strategies to improve HPV vaccine attitudes, such as situating the vaccine in the context of a monogamous lifestyle that many parents wish to impart to their children.
父母的态度在他们决定为青少年接种人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗方面起着关键作用。然而，对于形成父母对 HPV 疫苗态度的形成性经验却知之甚少。
我们对威斯康星州 25 名 11-17 岁青少年的父母进行了半结构化访谈，这些父母在一年的时间里改变了他们对 HPV 疫苗的态度（根据之前的调查）。然后，采用改良的扎根理论方法生成态度决定因素的主要主题。
参与者主要是母亲。我们确定了三个主要主题，这些主题塑造了父母对 HPV 的态度：（1）HPV 疫苗预防癌症的可能性，（2）青少年时期的代理权和衡量青少年孩子的性行为意向，（3）HPV 疫苗信息来源的可信度。预防癌症的一般性信息并不总是消除一些父母对疫苗被认为与性行为有关的担忧。父母通常将青少年对 HPV 疫苗的看法视为衡量其（孩子）性行为意向的指标。受访者感到有责任使用多种来源来了解 HPV 疫苗，特别是希望他们的医疗保健提供者来筛选相互矛盾的信息。
在临床环境中，可能需要更具体的家庭（而非疾病预防）信息和建议，以改变一些父母对 HPV 疫苗的负面态度。未来的研究应探索改善 HPV 疫苗态度的其他策略，例如将疫苗置于许多父母希望向孩子传授的一夫一妻制生活方式的背景下。
