Meloni Giorgio, Cossu Michela, Foxi Cipriano, Vento Luigi, Circosta Salvatore, Burrai Ernesta, Masala Sergio, Goffredo Maria, Satta Giuseppe
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G. Pegreffi", via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Settore Ambiente - Agricoltura, Servizio Igiene e Profilassi, Sassari Province, via Lorenzo Auzzas, 5/7, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Vet Parasitol. 2018 Jun 15;257:28-33. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.05.014. Epub 2018 May 26.
Culicoides biting midges can transmit viruses such as bluetongue virus and Schmallenberg virus to ruminants and African horse sickness virus to equines. The control of Culicoides population can be based on physical and/or chemical methods. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of larvicides and adulticides combined treatments to control the vector Culicoides populations. Field trials have been conducted during 2014 on seven farms in northern Sardinia (Italy). Three insecticide treatments (larvicides and adulticides) have been carried out on three farms, whereas four farms remained unsprayed as untreated controls. For the larval control two commercial formulations, based on diflubenzuron and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (H-14), have been used. Against adults a deltamethrin based product has been sprayed on the walls and roofs of animal shelters. Adult Culicoides have been collected on each farm twice a week with an Onderstepoort blacklight suction trap. After each treatment a significant reduction in the abundance of total Culicoides, C. imicola and C. newsteadi s.l., has been observed. The Obsoletus complex density has been affected by the first two treatments. Our results suggest the possibility to control the Culicoides populations with a combination of adulticide and larvicide treatments.
库蠓叮蠅可將藍舌病病毒和施馬倫貝格病毒等病毒傳播給反芻動物，並將非洲馬瘟病毒傳播給馬匹。控制庫蠓種群可基於物理和/或化學方法。本研究旨在評估殺幼蟲劑和成蟲殺滅劑聯合處理控制媒介庫蠓種群的效果。2014年在意大利撒丁島北部的七個農場進行了田間試驗。在三個農場進行了三次殺蟲劑處理（殺幼蟲劑和成蟲殺滅劑），而四個農場未噴灑作為未處理對照。為了控制幼蟲，使用了兩種基於二氟苯脲和蘇雲金芽孢桿菌以色列變種（H-14）的商業配方。對成蟲，在動物棲息處的牆壁和屋頂上噴灑了一種基於溴氰菊酯的產品。每周在每個農場用翁德斯特普特黑光捕蟲器收集兩次成年庫蠓。每次處理後，總庫蠓、伊氏庫蠓和新氏庫蠓（廣義）的豐度均顯著降低。前兩次處理影響了歐氏庫蠓複合體的密度。我們的結果表明，使用成蟲殺滅劑和殺幼蟲劑聯合處理有可能控制庫蠓種群。
