Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Vascul Pharmacol. 2019 Mar;114:110-121. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.06.008. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
Aortic aneurysms represent a major public health burden, and currently have no medical treatment options. The pathophysiology behind these aneurysms is complex and variable, depending on location and underlying cause, and generally involves progressive dysfunction of all elements of the aortic wall. Changes in smooth muscle behavior, endothelial signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, and to a variable extent inflammatory signaling and cells, all contribute to the dilation of the aorta, ultimately resulting in high mortality and morbidity events including dissection and rupture. A large number of researchers have identified non-coding RNAs as crucial regulators of aortic aneurysm development, both in humans and in animal models. While most work to-date has focused on microRNAs, intriguing information has also begun to emerge regarding the role of long-non-coding RNAs. This review summarizes the currently available data regarding the involvement of non-coding RNAs in aneurysmal aortopathies. Going forward, these represent key potential therapeutic targets that might be leveraged in the future to slow or prevent aortic aneurysm formation, progression and rupture.
主动脉瘤是一个主要的公共健康负担，目前尚无医学治疗选择。这些动脉瘤的病理生理学是复杂和多变的，取决于位置和潜在原因，通常涉及主动脉壁所有成分的进行性功能障碍。平滑肌行为、内皮信号转导、细胞外基质重塑以及在不同程度上炎症信号转导和细胞的改变，都导致了主动脉的扩张，最终导致高死亡率和发病率事件，包括夹层和破裂。大量研究人员已经确定非编码 RNA 是人类和动物模型中主动脉瘤发展的关键调节因子。虽然迄今为止大多数工作都集中在 microRNAs 上，但关于长非编码 RNA 的作用也开始出现有趣的信息。这篇综述总结了目前关于非编码 RNA 参与动脉瘤性主动脉病变的数据。展望未来，这些代表了未来可能用于减缓或预防主动脉瘤形成、进展和破裂的关键潜在治疗靶点。
