Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India.
National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
Environ Int. 2018 Oct;119:1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.012. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
In the recent techno-scientific revolution, nanotechnology has gained popularity at a rapid pace in different sectors and disciplines, specifically environmental, sensing, bioenergy, and agricultural systems. Controlled, easy, economical, and safe synthesis of nanomaterials is desired for the development of new-age nanotechnology. In general, nanomaterial synthesis techniques, such as chemical synthesis, are not completely safe or environmentally friendly due to harmful chemicals used or to toxic by-products produced. Moreover, a few nanomaterials are present as by-product during washing process, which may accumulate in water, air, and soil system to pose serious threats to plants, animals, and microbes. In contrast, using plants for nanomaterial (especially nanoparticle) synthesis has proven to be environmentally safe and economical. The role of plants as a source of nanoparticles is also likely to expand the number of options for sustainable green renewable energy, especially in biorefineries. Despite several advantages of nanotechnology, the nano-revolution has aroused concerns in terms of the fate of nanoparticles in the environment because of the potential health impacts caused by nanotoxicity upon their release. In the present panoramic review, we discuss the possibility that a multitudinous array of nanoparticles may find applications convergent with human welfare based on the synthesis of diverse nanoparticles from plants and their extracts. The significance of plant-nanoparticle interactions has been elucidated further for nanoparticle synthesis, applications of nanoparticles, and the disadvantages of using plants for synthesizing nanoparticles. Finally, we discuss future prospects of plant-nanoparticle interactions in relation to the environment, energy, and agriculture with implications in nanotechnology.
在最近的科技革命中，纳米技术在环境、传感、生物能源和农业系统等不同领域和学科中迅速普及。为了发展新一代纳米技术，人们希望能够对纳米材料进行可控、简便、经济且安全的合成。一般来说，由于使用了有害化学品或产生了有毒副产品，纳米材料的合成技术（如化学合成）并不完全安全或环保。此外，在洗涤过程中，有一些纳米材料作为副产物存在，它们可能在水、空气和土壤系统中积累，对植物、动物和微生物构成严重威胁。相比之下，利用植物合成纳米材料（尤其是纳米颗粒）已被证明是环境友好且经济实惠的。植物作为纳米材料（特别是纳米颗粒）来源的作用也可能会扩大可持续绿色可再生能源的选择范围，特别是在生物精炼厂中。尽管纳米技术有许多优势，但纳米革命引起了人们对纳米颗粒在环境中命运的担忧，因为纳米毒性可能会对其释放产生潜在的健康影响。在目前的全景综述中，我们讨论了基于从植物及其提取物中合成各种纳米颗粒，大量纳米颗粒可能会找到与人类福利相契合的应用的可能性。进一步阐述了植物-纳米颗粒相互作用在纳米颗粒合成、纳米颗粒应用以及利用植物合成纳米颗粒的缺点方面的重要性。最后，我们讨论了植物-纳米颗粒相互作用在环境、能源和农业方面的未来前景及其在纳米技术中的意义。
