Yi Peng, Chen Xuegao, Wang Zixia, Aldahan Ala, Hou Xiaolin, Yu Zhongbo
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
J Environ Radioact. 2018 Dec;192:86-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.005. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
The radioactive isotope I, with a half-life of 1.57 × 10 years, is widely used as a tracer to assess nuclear safety, to track environmental and geological events and to figure out the details of the stable iodine geochemical cycle. This work investigated the I and I distribution in water samples collected from the terrestrial (rivers, lakes and springs) and marine water systems (estuary and sea) in China. The measured I concentrations of (1-51) × 10 atoms/L and I/I ratios of (0.03-21) × 10 shows the variability of I level in the water systems. The local permafrost and seasonal frozen environment play a key role in groundwater recharge in the Qinghai-Tibet region, which is reflected in the I distribution in surface water. The depth distribution of I in the water column of the South China Sea reflects the effluence of different currents. The results also indicate that the hydrosphere of China contains one to three orders of magnitude less I compared to those reported in Europe. Despite the large distance, the European nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities represent the major source of I in the hydrosphere of China through atmospheric transport. The contribution of the Fukushima nuclear accident to I levels in the hydrosphere of China was negligible.
放射性同位素碘-129，半衰期为1.57×10⁷年，被广泛用作示踪剂，以评估核安全、追踪环境和地质事件，并弄清楚稳定碘地球化学循环的细节。这项工作研究了在中国陆地（河流、湖泊和泉水）和海水系统（河口和海洋）采集的水样中碘-129和碘-127的分布情况。测得的碘-129浓度为(1 - 51)×10⁻¹²原子/升，碘-127/碘-129比值为(0.03 - 21)×10⁻²，这表明了水系统中碘水平的变异性。当地的永久冻土和季节性冻结环境在青藏高原地区的地下水补给中起着关键作用，这反映在地表水的碘分布上。南海水柱中碘-129的深度分布反映了不同洋流的流出情况。结果还表明，与欧洲报道的情况相比，中国水圈中的碘-129含量少一到三个数量级。尽管距离遥远，但欧洲的核燃料后处理设施通过大气传输成为中国水圈中碘-129的主要来源。福岛核事故对中国水圈中碘水平的贡献可以忽略不计。
