State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Nov 15;642:591-600. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.061. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
The sediment load on the Chinese Loess Plateau has sharply decreased in recent years. However, the contribution of terrace construction and vegetation restoration projects to sediment discharge reduction remains uncertain. In this paper, eight catchments located in the Loess Plateau were chosen to explore the effects of different driving factors on sediment discharge changes during the period from the 1960s to 2012. Attribution approaches were applied to evaluate the effects of climate, terrace, and vegetation coverage changes on sediment discharge. The results showed that the annual sediment discharge decreased significantly in all catchments ranging from -0.007 to -0.039 Gt·yr. Sediment discharge in most tributaries has shown abrupt changes since 1996, and the total sediment discharge was reduced by 60.1% during 1997-2012. We determined that increasing vegetation coverage was the primary factor driving the reductions in sediment loads since 1996 and accounted for 47.7% of the total reduction. Climate variability and terrace construction accounted for 9.1% and 18.6% of sediment discharge reductions, respectively.
近年来，中国黄土高原的泥沙负荷量大幅减少。然而，梯田建设和植被恢复项目对减少泥沙排放的贡献仍不确定。本文选择了黄土高原的 8 个流域，探讨了不同驱动因素对 1960 年至 2012 年期间泥沙排放变化的影响。归因方法用于评估气候、梯田和植被覆盖变化对泥沙排放的影响。结果表明，所有流域的年泥沙排放量均显著减少，范围在-0.007 到-0.039 Gt·yr. 之间。自 1996 年以来，大多数支流的泥沙排放量都出现了突然变化，1997-2012 年期间总泥沙排放量减少了 60.1%。我们确定，自 1996 年以来，增加植被覆盖是减少泥沙负荷的主要因素，占总减少量的 47.7%。气候变率和梯田建设分别占泥沙排放量减少的 9.1%和 18.6%。
