Geneva Motivation Laboratory,University of Geneva,Geneva,Switzerland.
Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry,Geneva University Hospitals,Geneva,Switzerland.
Psychol Med. 2019 Apr;49(6):922-930. doi: 10.1017/S0033291718001526. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
The present study tested the hypothesis of a differential pattern of reward and punishment responsiveness in depression measuring effort mobilization during anticipation and facial expressions during consumption.
Twenty patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 20 control participants worked on a memory task under neutral, reward, and punishment instructions. Effort mobilization was operationalized as cardiovascular reactivity, while facial expressions were measured by facial electromyographic reactivity. Self-report measures for each phase complemented this multi-method approach.
During anticipation, MDD patients showed weaker cardiac pre-ejection period (PEP) reactivity to reward and blunted self-reported wanting, but weaker PEP reactivity to punishment and unchanged self-reported avoidance motivation. During consumption, MDD patients showed reduced zygomaticus major muscle reactivity to reward and blunted self-reported liking, but unchanged corrugator supercilii muscle reactivity to punishment and unchanged self-reported disliking.
These findings demonstrate reduced effort mobilization during reward and punishment anticipation in depression. Moreover, they show reduced facial expressions during reward consumption and unchanged facial expressions during punishment consumption in depression.
本研究通过测量预期过程中的努力调动和消费过程中的面部表情，检验抑郁症患者在奖惩反应模式上存在差异的假设。
20 名抑郁症患者和 20 名对照组参与者在中性、奖励和惩罚指导下完成记忆任务。努力调动通过心血管反应性来衡量，而面部表情则通过面部肌电图反应性来测量。每个阶段的自我报告测量补充了这种多方法方法。
在预期阶段，抑郁症患者在奖励预期时的心脏射血前期（PEP）反应较弱，自我报告的渴望程度较低，但在惩罚预期时的 PEP 反应较弱，自我报告的回避动机不变。在消费阶段，抑郁症患者在奖励消费时的颧大肌反应减弱，自我报告的喜欢程度较低，但在惩罚消费时的皱眉肌反应不变，自我报告的不喜欢程度不变。
这些发现表明抑郁症患者在奖励和惩罚预期过程中努力调动减少。此外，它们还表明抑郁症患者在奖励消费过程中面部表情减少，而在惩罚消费过程中面部表情不变。
