Gendolla Guido H E
Geneva Motivation Lab, FPSE, Section of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Emot Rev. 2025 Jan;17(1):46-63. doi: 10.1177/17540739241303506. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
This article highlights the systematic impact of experienced and implicit affect on the intensity of mental effort. The key argument is that both consciously experienced affect and implicitly activated affect knowledge can influence responses in the cardiovascular system reflecting effort intensity by informing individuals about task demand-the key variable determining resource mobilization. According to the motivational intensity theory, effort rises with experienced demand as long as success is possible and the necessary effort is justified. Twenty-five years of programmatic research have provided clear evidence that both consciously experienced affect and implicitly activated affect knowledge systematically influence the intensity of effort. Importantly, affect's impact on effort is moderated by task context variables, like objective task difficulty, incentive, and other general boundary conditions.
本文强调了经验性和内隐性情感对心理努力强度的系统性影响。关键论点是，有意识体验到的情感和内隐激活的情感知识都可以通过向个体告知任务需求（决定资源调动的关键变量）来影响反映努力强度的心血管系统反应。根据动机强度理论，只要有可能成功且必要的努力合理，努力程度就会随着经验需求的增加而上升。二十五年的系统性研究提供了明确的证据，表明有意识体验到的情感和内隐激活的情感知识都会系统性地影响努力强度。重要的是，情感对努力的影响会受到任务情境变量的调节，如客观任务难度、激励因素和其他一般边界条件。
