生命第一年注意和抑制控制的纵向发展。

Longitudinal development of attention and inhibitory control during the first year of life.

机构信息

Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

School of Education, Froebel College, University of Roehampton, London, UK.

出版信息

Dev Sci. 2018 Nov;21(6):e12690. doi: 10.1111/desc.12690. Epub 2018 Jun 17.

DOI:10.1111/desc.12690

PMID:29911347

Abstract

Executive functions (EFs) are key abilities that allow us to control our thoughts and actions. Research suggests that two EFs, inhibitory control (IC) and working memory (WM), emerge around 9 months. Little is known about IC earlier in infancy and whether basic attentional processes form the "building blocks" of emerging IC. These questions were investigated longitudinally in 104 infants tested behaviorally on two screen-based attention tasks at 4 months, and on IC tasks at 6 and 9 months. Results provided no evidence that basic attention formed precursors for IC. However, there was full support for coherence in IC at 9 months and partial support for stability in IC from 6 months. This suggests that IC emerges earlier than previously assumed. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVE17hooANY.

摘要

执行功能（EFs）是关键能力，使我们能够控制自己的思想和行为。研究表明，两种执行功能，抑制控制（IC）和工作记忆（WM），在 9 个月左右出现。关于婴儿早期的 IC 知之甚少，也不知道基本的注意力过程是否构成了新兴 IC 的“基石”。这些问题在 104 名婴儿中进行了纵向研究，他们在 4 个月时通过两个基于屏幕的注意力任务进行了行为测试，并在 6 个月和 9 个月时进行了 IC 任务。结果没有证据表明基本注意力为 IC 形成了前提。然而，9 个月时的 IC 具有完全的一致性，6 个月时的 IC 具有部分稳定性。这表明 IC 的出现比之前假设的更早。本文的视频摘要可以在以下网址查看：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVE17hooANY。