Adebayo A M, Makinde G I, Omode P K
Department of Preventive Medicine and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of IbadanDepartment of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of IbadanDepartment of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Arch Basic Appl Med. 2018 Feb;6(1):9-15. Epub 2018 Feb 18.
School Health Programme (SHP) currently lacks effective implementation in Nigeria. Lack of training/orientation of teachers in the programme may have contributed to this. Developing an appropriate training intervention may require prior situation analysis to know teachers' current level of training and involvement in the programme, as there is paucity of information on such study in Oyo State. Thus, this study was carried out to assess primary school teachers' training and involvement in the SHP in Oyo state, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a 2-stage cluster sampling method to select 2 out of the 33 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Oyo State. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on respondents' characteristics and previous training and involvement in the SHP. The major variable for assessing teachers' involvement in the SHP was "ever been involved in health inspection of pupils". Level of involvement was categorized into "never, "once", "occasionally", "frequently", and "very regularly". These options were further re-categorized into "never", "infrequently" (once and occasionally) and "frequently" (frequently and very regularly) for the purpose of inferential statistics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test at p=0.05. A total of 811 respondents participated in the study. Twenty-eight percent of the respondents reported previous training in the SHP out of whom 44.7% received the training on-the-job. Forty-seven percent were regularly involved in health inspection of pupils. Teachers who taught health education (92.3%) were involved in health inspection of pupils compared with counterparts who did not (74.4%) (p<0.001). Similarly, 85.3% of teachers trained on-the-job were frequently involved in the SHP compared with 73.6% of those trained during undergraduate years (p=0.026). Training and involvement of public primary school teachers in the SHP in Oyo State were suboptimal. Efforts at building the capacity of teachers through on-the-job training in SHP may be necessary to improving the current level of implementation in the State.
学校健康计划（SHP）目前在尼日利亚缺乏有效的实施。该计划中教师缺乏培训/指导可能是造成这一情况的原因之一。制定适当的培训干预措施可能需要事先进行情况分析，以了解教师目前在该计划中的培训水平和参与程度，因为在奥约州，关于此类研究的信息很少。因此，本研究旨在评估尼日利亚奥约州小学教师在学校健康计划中的培训和参与情况。采用两阶段整群抽样方法进行描述性横断面研究，从奥约州33个地方政府辖区（LGA）中选取2个。使用半结构化自填式问卷获取有关受访者特征以及他们之前在学校健康计划中的培训和参与情况的信息。评估教师参与学校健康计划的主要变量是“是否曾参与过学生健康检查”。参与程度分为“从未”“一次”“偶尔”“经常”和“非常经常”。为了进行推断统计，这些选项进一步重新分类为“从未”“不经常”（一次和偶尔）和“经常”（经常和非常经常）。使用描述性统计和p = 0.05的卡方检验对数据进行分析。共有811名受访者参与了该研究。28%的受访者报告曾接受过学校健康计划方面的培训，其中44.7%是在职培训。47%的教师定期参与学生健康检查。教授健康教育的教师（92.3%）参与了学生健康检查，而未教授健康教育的教师这一比例为74.4%（p<0.001）。同样，在职培训的教师中有85.3%经常参与学校健康计划，而本科阶段接受培训的教师这一比例为73.6%（p = 0.026）。奥约州公立小学教师在学校健康计划中的培训和参与情况并不理想。通过学校健康计划的在职培训来建设教师能力的努力可能对于提高该州目前的实施水平是必要的。
