精神分裂症前扣带回谷氨酸和 GABA 与功能连接的关联。
Anterior Cingulate Glutamate and GABA Associations on Functional Connectivity in Schizophrenia.
机构信息
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
出版信息
Schizophr Bull. 2019 Apr 25;45(3):647-658. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sby075.
BACKGROUND
The underlying neurobiological mechanism for abnormal functional connectivity in schizophrenia (SCZ) remains unknown. This project investigated whether glutamate and GABA, 2 metabolites that contribute to excitatory and inhibitory functions, may influence functional connectivity in SCZ.
METHODS
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy were acquired from 58 SCZ patients and 61 healthy controls (HC). Seed-based connectivity maps were extracted between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) spectroscopic voxel and all other brain voxels. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) spectra were processed to quantify glutamate and GABA levels. Regression analysis was performed to describe relationships between functional connectivity and glutamate and GABA levels.
RESULTS
Reduced ACC functional connectivity in SCZ was found in regions associated with several neural networks including the default mode network (DMN) compared to HC. In the HC, positive correlations were found between glutamate and both ACC-right inferior frontal gyrus functional connectivity and ACC-bilateral superior temporal gyrus functional connectivity. A negative correlation between GABA and ACC-left posterior cingulate functional connectivity was also observed in HC. These same relationships were not statistically significant in SCZ.
CONCLUSIONS
The present investigation is one of the first studies to examine links between functional connectivity and glutamate and GABA levels in SCZ. Results indicate that glutamate and GABA play an important role in the functional connectivity modulation in the healthy brain. The absence of glutamate and GABA correlations in areas where SCZ showed significantly reduced functional connectivity may suggest that this chemical-functional relationship is disrupted in SCZ.
背景
精神分裂症（SCZ）异常功能连接的潜在神经生物学机制尚不清楚。本项目研究了谷氨酸和 GABA 这两种代谢物是否可能影响 SCZ 的功能连接，它们有助于兴奋性和抑制性功能。
方法
从 58 名精神分裂症患者和 61 名健康对照者（HC）中采集静息态功能磁共振成像和质子磁共振波谱。从前扣带回皮质（ACC）光谱体素与所有其他脑体素之间提取基于种子的连接图。对磁共振波谱（MRS）谱进行处理以量化谷氨酸和 GABA 水平。进行回归分析以描述功能连接与谷氨酸和 GABA 水平之间的关系。
结果
与 HC 相比，SCZ 中发现前扣带回皮质功能连接减少，与包括默认模式网络（DMN）在内的几个神经网络相关的区域减少。在 HC 中，发现谷氨酸与 ACC-右侧额下回功能连接和 ACC-双侧颞上回功能连接呈正相关。在 HC 中还观察到 GABA 与 ACC-左侧后扣带回功能连接之间存在负相关。在 SCZ 中，这些相同的关系没有统计学意义。
结论
本研究是首次研究精神分裂症中功能连接与谷氨酸和 GABA 水平之间关系的研究之一。结果表明，谷氨酸和 GABA 在健康大脑的功能连接调节中发挥重要作用。在 SCZ 显示功能连接明显减少的区域中缺乏谷氨酸和 GABA 相关性可能表明这种化学-功能关系在 SCZ 中被破坏。
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