Dufour Claire M S, Herrel Anthony, Losos Jonathan B
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Département 'Adaptations du vivant', UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
PeerJ. 2018 Jun 15;6:e4888. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4888. eCollection 2018.
Invasive species are a global threat to biodiversity. Cases where the invasion has been tracked since its beginning are rare, however, such that the first interactions between invasive and native species remain poorly understood. Communication behavior is an integral part of species identity and is subject to selection. Consequently, resource use and direct interference competition between native and invasive species may drive its evolution. Here, we tested the role of interactions between the recently introduced invasive lizard and the native on variation in behavior and communication in Calibishie (Dominica). From May to June 2016, we filmed 122 adult males of both species displaying in banana farms under two contexts (allopatry and sympatry). We then recorded (i) the proportion of time spent displaying and (ii) the relative frequency of dewlap vs. push-up displays. To control for habitat variation, we measured and compared the habitat characteristics (canopy openness and habitat openness) of 228 males in allopatry and sympatry. While the habitat characteristics and total display-time did not differ between the contexts for the two species, the proportion of display-time spent dewlapping by decreased in sympatry. The display of did not differ between the contexts, however. Shifts in microhabitat use, predation pressure, or interspecific interference are potential factors which might explain the behavioral changes in display observed in . This study highlights the role of behavioral traits as a first response of an invasive species to recent competition with a closely related native species.
入侵物种是对生物多样性的全球性威胁。然而，自入侵开始就对其进行追踪的案例很少，以至于入侵物种与本地物种之间的首次相互作用仍知之甚少。通讯行为是物种特性的一个组成部分，且会受到选择作用的影响。因此，本地物种与入侵物种之间的资源利用和直接干扰竞争可能会推动其进化。在此，我们测试了最近引入的入侵蜥蜴与本地蜥蜴之间的相互作用对多米尼克卡利比希地区行为和通讯变化的作用。2016年5月至6月，我们拍摄了两种蜥蜴的122只成年雄性个体在香蕉种植园两种环境（异域分布和同域分布）下的展示行为。然后，我们记录了：（i）展示行为所花费的时间比例；（ii）垂皮展示与俯卧撑展示的相对频率。为了控制栖息地差异，我们测量并比较了228只处于异域分布和同域分布的雄性蜥蜴的栖息地特征（树冠开阔度和栖息地开阔度）。虽然两种蜥蜴在不同环境下的栖息地特征和总展示时间没有差异，但在同域分布中，[蜥蜴名称1]进行垂皮展示所花费的展示时间比例有所下降。然而，[蜥蜴名称2]的展示行为在不同环境下没有差异。微生境利用的变化、捕食压力或种间干扰是可能解释在[蜥蜴名称1]中观察到的展示行为变化的潜在因素。本研究强调了行为特征作为入侵物种对与近缘本地物种近期竞争的第一反应的作用。
