School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Biol Lett. 2021 Mar;17(3):20200877. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0877. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Competition between invasive and native species can result in the exploitation of resources by the invader, reducing foraging rates of natives. However, it is increasingly recognized that multiple factors can enhance the resilience of native species competing for limiting resources with invaders. Although extensively studied in terrestrial species, little research has focused on behavioural plasticity in aquatic ecosystems and how this influences native species resilience. Here, we examined the role of behavioural plasticity in interactions between a native Australian fish, and a widespread invasive fish, . To determine whether displays behavioural plasticity that may mitigate competition with , we first quantified social behaviours (aggression, submission and affiliation) and shoal cohesion for each species in single- and mixed-species groups. Second, we compared the feeding rates of both species in these groups to ascertain if any modulation of social behaviours and cohesion related to foraging success. We found that aggressive and submissive behaviours of and showed plasticity in the presence of heterospecifics, but social affiliation, shoaling and, most importantly, foraging, remained inflexible. This variation in the degree of plasticity highlights the complexity of the behavioural response of a native species and suggests that both behavioural modulation and consistency may be related to sustaining foraging efficiency in the presence of an invader.
竞争种和入侵种之间的竞争可能导致入侵种对资源的开发，从而降低本地物种的觅食率。然而，人们越来越认识到，多种因素可以增强与入侵者竞争有限资源的本地物种的恢复力。尽管在陆地物种中得到了广泛研究，但很少有研究关注水生生态系统中的行为可塑性以及这如何影响本地物种的恢复力。在这里，我们研究了行为可塑性在澳大利亚本地鱼类和广泛入侵鱼类之间相互作用中的作用。为了确定 是否表现出可能减轻与 竞争的行为可塑性，我们首先量化了每种鱼类在单一种群和混合种群中的社会行为（攻击、屈服和从属）和鱼群凝聚力。其次，我们比较了这两种鱼类在这些群体中的摄食率，以确定任何与觅食成功相关的社会行为和凝聚力的调节。我们发现， 和 的攻击和屈服行为在异质种群存在时具有可塑性，但社会从属、群居以及最重要的是觅食仍然缺乏灵活性。这种可塑性程度的变化突出了本地物种行为反应的复杂性，并表明行为调节和一致性都可能与在入侵者存在的情况下维持觅食效率有关。
