Yanagisawa Toshimitsu, Nakamura Tomohiko
Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
Pediatr Int. 2018 Sep;60(9):835-838. doi: 10.1111/ped.13638. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is one of the major causes of hospitalization of children during the winter months in Nagano, Japan. This investigation was conducted to understand the details of hospitalized patients infected with RSV in Nagano.
The study used a questionnaire to survey hospitals who treated children for RSV infection in the pediatric wards of 11 major hospitals in Nagano.
Between April 2016 and March 2017, 438 patients were hospitalized with RSV infection in the 11 participating hospitals. The mean gestational age at birth was 38 weeks 2 days. Average birthweight was 2,834 g. The ratio of hospitalized patients with RSV infection to the total number of hospitalized patients was, on average, 7.0% in the second-level hospitals. Despite the use of prophylactic palivizumab, six patients were hospitalized.
The rate of hospitalization for RSV was similar across each of the second-level hospitals in Nagano. Patients hospitalized after prophylactic palivizumab had received palivizumab only a few times during the season when infection rates were highest. Palivizumab is therefore advised prior to the outbreak initiation season.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染是日本长野冬季儿童住院的主要原因之一。本次调查旨在了解长野感染RSV的住院患者的详细情况。
该研究采用问卷调查的方式，对长野11家主要医院儿科病房治疗RSV感染儿童的医院进行了调查。
2016年4月至2017年3月期间，11家参与研究的医院中有438例患者因RSV感染住院。出生时的平均孕周为38周2天。平均出生体重为2834克。在二级医院中，RSV感染住院患者占住院患者总数的比例平均为7.0%。尽管使用了预防性帕利珠单抗，但仍有6例患者住院。
长野各二级医院的RSV住院率相似。预防性使用帕利珠单抗后住院的患者在感染率最高的季节仅接受了几次帕利珠单抗治疗。因此，建议在疫情开始季节之前使用帕利珠单抗。
