Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA; email:
Annu Rev Biochem. 2018 Jun 20;87:27-49. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012634.
Chromatin is a mighty consumer of cellular energy generated by metabolism. Metabolic status is efficiently coordinated with transcription and translation, which also feed back to regulate metabolism. Conversely, suppression of energy utilization by chromatin processes may serve to preserve energy resources for cell survival. Most of the reactions involved in chromatin modification require metabolites as their cofactors or coenzymes. Therefore, the metabolic status of the cell can influence the spectra of posttranslational histone modifications and the structure, density and location of nucleosomes, impacting epigenetic processes. Thus, transcription, translation, and DNA/RNA biogenesis adapt to cellular metabolism. In addition to dysfunctions of metabolic enzymes, imbalances between metabolism and chromatin activities trigger metabolic disease and life span alteration. Here, we review the synthesis of the metabolites and the relationships between metabolism and chromatin function. Furthermore, we discuss how the chromatin response feeds back to metabolic regulation in biological processes.
染色质是细胞代谢产生能量的主要消耗者。代谢状态与转录和翻译高效协调，转录和翻译也会反馈调节代谢。相反，染色质过程对能量利用的抑制可能有助于为细胞生存保存能量资源。染色质修饰涉及的大多数反应都需要代谢物作为其辅助因子或辅酶。因此，细胞的代谢状态可以影响组蛋白翻译后修饰的谱以及核小体的结构、密度和位置，从而影响表观遗传过程。因此，转录、翻译和 DNA/RNA 生物发生适应细胞代谢。除了代谢酶的功能障碍外，代谢和染色质活性之间的失衡还会引发代谢疾病和寿命改变。在这里，我们综述了代谢物的合成以及代谢与染色质功能之间的关系。此外，我们还讨论了染色质反应如何反馈调节生物过程中的代谢调控。
