Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Public Health Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, GGD Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sex Transm Infect. 2019 Feb;95(1):53-59. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053478. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
National prevalence estimates of (chlamydia) and (gonorrhoea) are important for providing insights in the occurrence and control of these STIs. The aim was to obtain national prevalence estimates for chlamydia and gonorrhoea and to investigate risk factors associated with infection.
Between November 2016 and January 2017, we performed a national population-based cross-sectional probability sample survey among men and women aged 18-34 years in the Netherlands. Individuals were invited to complete a questionnaire about sexual health. At the end of the questionnaire, sexually active individuals could request a home-based sampling kit. Samples were tested for chlamydia and gonorrhoea using nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). Logistic regression analyses were performed for predictors of participation and chlamydia infection.
Of the 17 222 invited individuals, 4447 (26%) participated. Of these, 3255 were eligible for prevalence survey participation and 550 (17%) returned a sample. Participation in the prevalence survey was associated with age (20+) and risk factors for STI. We did not detect any gonorrhoea. The overall weighted prevalence of chlamydia was 2.8% (95% CI 1.5% to 5.2%); 1.1% (0.1% to 7.2%) in men and 5.6% (3.3% to 9.5%) in women. Risk factors for chlamydia infections in women aged 18-24 years were low/medium education level, not having a relationship with the person you had most recent sex with and age at first sex older than 16.
Chlamydia and gonorrhoea prevalence were low in the general Dutch population, as was the participation rate. Repeated prevalence surveys are needed to analyse trends in STI prevalences and to evaluate control policies.
（衣原体）和 （淋病）的全国流行率估计对于了解这些性传播感染的发生和控制情况非常重要。本研究旨在获得衣原体和淋病的全国流行率估计值，并调查与感染相关的危险因素。
2016 年 11 月至 2017 年 1 月，我们在荷兰对 18-34 岁的男性和女性进行了一项全国性基于人群的横断面概率抽样调查。邀请个人完成一份关于性健康的问卷。在问卷结束时，有性行为的个人可以要求一个家庭采样套件。使用核酸扩增试验（NAAT）检测样本中的衣原体和淋病。对参与和衣原体感染的预测因素进行逻辑回归分析。
在 17222 名受邀者中，4447 人（26%）参与了研究。其中，3255 人符合参与流行率调查的条件，550 人（17%）返回了样本。参与流行率调查与年龄（20 岁以上）和性传播感染的危险因素有关。我们未检测到任何淋病。衣原体的总体加权流行率为 2.8%（95%置信区间 1.5%至 5.2%）；男性为 1.1%（0.1%至 7.2%），女性为 5.6%（3.3%至 9.5%）。18-24 岁女性衣原体感染的危险因素是低/中等教育水平、与最近发生性关系的人没有关系以及首次性行为年龄大于 16 岁。
在荷兰普通人群中，衣原体和淋病的流行率较低，参与率也较低。需要进行反复的流行率调查，以分析性传播感染流行率的趋势，并评估控制政策。
