Connelly Laura, Kamerāde Daiga, Sanders Teela
University of Salford, Manchester, UK.
University of Leicester, UK.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Apr;36(7-8):NP3938-NP3963. doi: 10.1177/0886260518780782. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Previous research has shown that sex workers experience extremely high rates of victimization but are often reluctant to report their experiences to the police. This article explores how the markets in which sex workers operate in the United Kingdom impact upon the violent and nonviolent crimes they report to a national support organization and their willingness to report victimization to the police. We use a secondary quantitative data analysis of 2,056 crime reports submitted to the U.K. National Ugly Mugs (NUM) scheme between 2012 and 2016. The findings indicate that although violence is the most common crime type reported to NUM, sex workers operating in different markets report varying relative proportions of different types of victimization. We also argue that there is some variation in the level of willingness to share reports with the police across the different sex markets, even when the types of crime, presence of violence, and other variables are taken into account. Our finding that street sex workers are most likely to report victimization directly to the police challenges previously held assumptions that criminalization is the key factor preventing sex workers from engaging with the police.
先前的研究表明，性工作者遭受侵害的比例极高，但他们往往不愿向警方报告自己的遭遇。本文探讨了英国性工作者所处的市场如何影响她们向一个全国性支持组织报告的暴力和非暴力犯罪情况，以及她们向警方报告受害情况的意愿。我们对2012年至2016年间提交给英国“国家丑脸计划”（NUM）的2056份犯罪报告进行了二次定量数据分析。研究结果表明，尽管暴力是向NUM报告的最常见犯罪类型，但在不同市场工作的性工作者报告的不同类型受害情况的相对比例有所不同。我们还认为，即使考虑到犯罪类型、暴力的存在及其他变量，不同性交易市场与警方分享报告的意愿程度也存在一些差异。我们发现街头性工作者最有可能直接向警方报告受害情况，这一发现挑战了此前认为刑事定罪是阻止性工作者与警方接触的关键因素的假设。
