Schumacher Maia, Yilmaz Emre, Iwanaga Joe, Oskouian Rod, Tubbs R Shane
Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA; Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
World Neurosurg. 2018 Sep;117:261-263. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.06.056. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
The paramastoid process is a rare variation found on the occipital bone as an extension of its jugular process. In the literature, this process has been called many names including the paraoccipital, paracondylar, or parajugular process. The paramastoid process can articulate with the lateral aspect of the transverse process of the atlas creating clinical consequences and potentially resulting in diminished range of motion of the head. Herein, we describe the anatomy, embryology, prevalence, imaging, and clinical consequences of the paramastoid process in order to improve our understanding of this rare anatomic variation.
乳突旁突是在枕骨上发现的一种罕见变异，是其颈突的延伸。在文献中，这个突起有许多名称，包括枕旁突、髁旁突或颈静脉旁突。乳突旁突可与第一颈椎横突的外侧相连，产生临床后果，并可能导致头部活动范围减小。在此，我们描述乳突旁突的解剖结构、胚胎学、发生率、影像学及临床后果，以增进我们对这种罕见解剖变异的了解。
