Rusu Mugurel Constantin, Toader Corneliu, Tudose Răzvan Costin
Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, 020021, Romania.
Division of Neurosurgery, Department 6-Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, RO-020021, Romania.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2024 Dec 30;47(1):47. doi: 10.1007/s00276-024-03558-9.
The sigmoid sinus (SS) is a major surgical landmark. The paramastoid process (PMP) occurs rarely. Inferior diverticula of the SS were not found or reported previously. We aimed to determine the incidence and detailed anatomy of such morphology of the SS.
Archived angioCT files of 25 males and 25 females were used. The morphology of the SS was checked on planar sections and by three-dimensional volume renderings.
In 3 female cases (6%), inferior paramastoid diverticula of the SS (PMDSSs) were found, two on the right and one on the left. They were all protruding on the inferior side of the jugular process of the occipital bone. Their heights and inner diameters were, respectively, 9.94/11.01 mm, 8.21/4.85 mm and 5.97/8.72 mm. A high jugular bulb was also found on that side in each case. Each PMDSS had a thin or dehiscent bottom. They were closely related to condylar veins, the occipital artery, the vertebral artery and its venous plexus.
The PMDSS should not be mistaken as a PMP to avoid surgical lesions of the SS. The PMDSS is an unexpected landmark in the suboccipital region.
乙状窦（SS）是一个主要的手术标志。乳突旁突（PMP）很少见。乙状窦的下憩室以前未被发现或报道过。我们旨在确定乙状窦这种形态的发生率和详细解剖结构。
使用25名男性和25名女性的存档血管CT文件。在平面切片和三维容积重建上检查乙状窦的形态。
在3例女性病例（6%）中发现了乙状窦下乳突憩室（PMDSSs），右侧2例，左侧1例。它们均突出于枕骨颈突的下侧。其高度和内径分别为9.94/11.01毫米、8.21/4.85毫米和5.97/8.72毫米。在每种情况下，该侧还发现了高位颈静脉球。每个PMDSS的底部都很薄或有缺损。它们与髁静脉、枕动脉、椎动脉及其静脉丛密切相关。
不应将PMDSS误认为PMP，以免手术损伤乙状窦。PMDSS是枕下区域一个意外的标志。
