Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch (IAU-CTB), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch (IAU-CTB), Tehran, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Oct 15;639:1588-1600. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.244. Epub 2018 May 29.
To date, few studies have investigated the simultaneous effects of macro-scale parameters (MSPs) such as land use, population density, geology, and erosion layers on micro-scale water quality variables (MSWQVs). This research focused on an evaluation of the relationship between MSPs and MSWQVs in the Siminehrood River Basin, Iran. In addition, we investigated the importance of water particle travel time (hydrological distance) on this relationship. The MSWQVs included 13 physicochemical and biochemical parameters observed at 15 stations during three seasons. Primary screening was performed by utilizing three multivariate statistical analyses (Pearson's correlation, cluster and discriminant analyses) in seven series of observed data. These series included three separate seasonal data, three two-season data, and aggregated three-season data for investigation of relationships between MSPs and MSWQVs. Coupled data (pairs of MSWQVs and MSPs) repeated in at least two out of three statistical analyses were selected for final screening. The primary screening results demonstrated significant relationships between land use and phosphorus, total solids and turbidity, erosion levels and electrical conductivity, and erosion and total solids. Furthermore, water particle travel time effects were considered through three geographical pattern definitions of distance for each MSP by using two weighting methods. To find effective MSP factors on MSWQVs, a multivariate linear regression analysis was employed. Then, preliminary equations that estimated MSWQVs were developed. The preliminary equations were modified to adaptive equations to obtain the final models. The final models indicated that a new metric, referred to as hydrological distance, provided better MSWQV estimation and water quality prediction compared to the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index.
迄今为止，很少有研究调查土地利用、人口密度、地质和侵蚀层等宏观参数 (MSP) 对微观水质变量 (MSWVQ) 的综合影响。本研究专注于评估伊朗锡米恩罗得河流域 MSP 和 MSWVQ 之间的关系。此外，我们还研究了水颗粒迁移时间（水文距离）对这种关系的重要性。MSWVQ 包括在三个季节的 15 个站点观察到的 13 个物理化学和生化参数。通过在七组观测数据中利用三种多元统计分析（皮尔逊相关、聚类和判别分析）进行初步筛选。这些系列包括三个单独的季节性数据、三个两季数据和汇总的三季数据，以调查 MSP 和 MSWVQ 之间的关系。在至少两个统计分析中重复出现的耦合数据（MSWVQ 和 MSP 对）被选为最终筛选。初步筛选结果表明，土地利用与磷、总固体和浊度、侵蚀水平与电导率以及侵蚀与总固体之间存在显著关系。此外，还通过使用两种加权方法为每个 MSP 定义三个地理模式的距离，考虑了水颗粒迁移时间的影响。为了找到对 MSWVQ 有影响的 MSP 因素，采用了多元线性回归分析。然后，开发了初步估计 MSWVQ 的方程。对初步方程进行修改以适应方程，以获得最终模型。最终模型表明，一种新的度量标准，称为水文距离，与国家卫生基金会水质指数相比，提供了更好的 MSWVQ 估计和水质预测。
