Kyllar Michal, Čížek Petr
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Companion Care, Broadstairs CT10 2RQ, United Kingdom.
J Vet Sci. 2018 Sep 30;19(5):699-707. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.5.699.
Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is one of the most common orthopedic conditions in dogs. The pathogenesis of CCL rupture is not fully described and remains to be elucidated fully. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the etiology of these changes. The objective of this study was to investigate structural changes in the CCL in relation to the tibial plateau angle (TPA) and the intercondylar notch (ICN) width in dogs. Fifty-five skeletally mature dogs were included in this study. ICN width and TPA measurements were obtained from intact CCL stifles. Samples of the CCL, caudal cruciate ligament (CaCL), and femoral head ligament (FHL) were harvested and stained for routine histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Microscopic changes in the ligaments were observed and were found to correlate with the TPA and ICN width values. The degree of structural changes within the CCL was observed to correlate with an increasing TPA and a narrowing ICN width. Changes in the CCL are likely to be caused by excessive forces acting through the ligament in stifles with a high TPA. Chondroid metaplasia of the CCL is an adaptation to abnormal mechanics within the stifle joint caused by altered bone morphology.
颅交叉韧带（CCL）断裂是犬类最常见的骨科疾病之一。CCL断裂的发病机制尚未完全阐明，仍有待充分阐释。已经提出了几种假说来解释这些变化的病因。本研究的目的是调查犬类CCL的结构变化与胫骨平台角（TPA）和髁间切迹（ICN）宽度的关系。本研究纳入了55只骨骼成熟的犬。从完整的CCL stifles获取ICN宽度和TPA测量值。采集CCL、后交叉韧带（CaCL）和股骨头韧带（FHL）的样本，并进行染色以进行常规组织学和免疫组织化学分析。观察到韧带的微观变化，并发现其与TPA和ICN宽度值相关。观察到CCL内结构变化的程度与TPA增加和ICN宽度变窄相关。CCL的变化可能是由高TPA的stifles中通过韧带作用的过度力量引起的。CCL的软骨样化生是对由改变的骨形态引起的 stifle关节内异常力学的一种适应。
