Hassan Layali Ibrahim, Ibrahim Samira Mohamed, Abdu Mustafa, MohamedSharif Asma
Department of Ophthalmology, Dibba Hospital, Dibba, Sultanate of Oman.
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2018 May-Aug;11(2):129-133. doi: 10.4103/ojo.OJO_170_2017.
Few studies have examined the prevalence of convergence insufficiency (CI) in a school-based population in Sudan. This study sought to determine the prevalence of CI and its related clinical characteristics among Sudanese secondary school students.
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in Central Khartoum North, Sudan, in the academic year 2013/2014. A total of 4211 secondary school students, with a mean age of 15.5 ± 2.5 years, underwent complete eye examination, and were screened for symptoms associated with near work. Near and distance heterophoria was measured with the alternate cover test using a prism bar; near point of convergence (NPC) and positive fusional vergence (PFV) at near were determined.
Of the 4211 students screened, 329 (7.8%) were diagnosed with CI. Of these, 173 (52.6%) students were male and 156 (47.4%) were female; there was no significant relationship between sex and CI ( > 0.05). Standard schools had a higher prevalence of CI (43%) than geographic schools (36%) and there was a significant association between CI and the type of school ( < 0.05). In most of the students (78.42%), CI was due to both remote NPC and decreased PFV; in 20.36% of the students, CI was due to remote NPC only, and in very few students (1.22%), it was due to decreased PFV only.
These findings suggest that CI is prevalent in the secondary school population in Central Khartoum North, Sudan.
很少有研究调查苏丹在校学生中集合不足（CI）的患病率。本研究旨在确定苏丹中学生中CI的患病率及其相关临床特征。
2013/2014学年在苏丹喀土穆北中部进行了一项描述性横断面调查。共有4211名中学生，平均年龄为15.5±2.5岁，接受了全面的眼部检查，并筛查了与近距离工作相关的症状。使用棱镜杆通过交替遮盖试验测量近距和远距离隐斜视；测定近点集合（NPC）和近距正融合性聚散（PFV）。
在筛查的4211名学生中，329名（7.8%）被诊断为CI。其中，173名（52.6%）学生为男性，156名（47.4%）为女性；性别与CI之间无显著关系（>0.05）。标准学校的CI患病率（43%）高于地理学校（36%），且CI与学校类型之间存在显著关联（<0.05）。在大多数学生（78.42%）中，CI是由远距离NPC和PFV降低共同导致的；在20.36%的学生中，CI仅由远距离NPC导致，而在极少数学生（1.22%）中，CI仅由PFV降低导致。
这些发现表明，CI在苏丹喀土穆北中部的中学生中很普遍。
