Hu Yan-Ru, Liu Xiao-Li, Qiao De-Cai
College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875.
Department of Physical Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Mar 8;33(3):204-211. doi: 10.12047/j.cjap.5435.2017.051.
To reveal the possible mechanism of changes of 'substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex' pathway neural activity during one bout of exhausting exercise through observing the neural activity coherence between different nucleus and the concentration of extra-cellular glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into neural activity real-time observation group, substantianigra (SNr) extracellular neurotransmitters observation group, ventralislateralis (VL) extracellular neuro-transmitters observation group and supplementary motor area (SMA) extracellular neurotransmitters observation group, 10 rats in each group. For rats of neural activity real-time observation group, by using LFPs and ECoG recording technique, and self-comparison, we simultaneously recorded the dynamic changes of neural activity of rat SNr, VL and SMA during one bout of exhausting exercise. The dynamic changes of ex-tracellular Glu and GABA in rat SNr, VL and SMA were also observed through microdialysis combined high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique and self-comparison method.
Based on the behavioral performance, the exhausting exercise process could be di-vided into 5 different stages, the rest condition, auto exercise period, early fatigue period, exhaustion condition and recovery period. The elec-trophysiological study results showed that, the coherence between neural activity in rat SNr, VL and SMA was significant between 0~30 Hz during all the procedure of exhausting exercise. Compared with the rest condition, the microdialysis study showed that the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio in SNr were decreased significantly during automatic exercise period ( < 0.05, < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were increased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01), while, in VL and cortex, the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio were increased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were decreased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01). Under early fatigue and ex-haustion conditions, compared with the rest condition,the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio in SNr were increased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were decreased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01), while the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio in VL and cortex were decreased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were increased significantly ( < 0.05, < 0.01).
The neural net work communication between 'substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex' pathway exists, changes of Glu and GABA in the nucelus of the pathway are one of the factors resulting in the changes of neural activity.
通过观察不同核团间神经活动的相干性以及细胞外谷氨酸（Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的浓度，揭示一次性力竭运动过程中“黑质-腹外侧核-皮层”通路神经活动变化的可能机制。
将雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为神经活动实时观察组、黑质（SNr）细胞外神经递质观察组、腹外侧核（VL）细胞外神经递质观察组和辅助运动区（SMA）细胞外神经递质观察组，每组10只。对于神经活动实时观察组的大鼠，采用局部场电位（LFPs）和皮层脑电图（ECoG）记录技术，并通过自身对照，同步记录大鼠在一次性力竭运动过程中SNr、VL和SMA神经活动的动态变化。还通过微透析结合高效液相色谱（HPLC）技术和自身对照法观察大鼠SNr、VL和SMA细胞外Glu和GABA的动态变化。
根据行为表现，力竭运动过程可分为5个不同阶段，即静息状态、自主运动期、早期疲劳期、力竭状态和恢复期。电生理研究结果表明，在力竭运动的全过程中，大鼠SNr、VL和SMA神经活动在0~30Hz之间的相干性显著。微透析研究显示，与静息状态相比，在自主运动期SNr中的Glu浓度和Glu/GABA比值显著降低（P<0.05，P<0.01），GABA浓度显著升高（P<0.05，P<0.01），而在VL和皮层中，Glu浓度和Glu/GABA比值显著升高（P<0.05，P<0.01），GABA浓度显著降低（P<0.05，P<0.01）。在早期疲劳和力竭状态下，与静息状态相比，SNr中的Glu浓度和Glu/GABA比值显著升高（P<0.05，P<0.01），GABA浓度显著降低（P<0.05，P<0.01），而VL和皮层中的Glu浓度和Glu/GABA比值显著降低（P<0.05，P<0.01），GABA浓度显著升高（P<0.05，P<0.01）。
“黑质-腹外侧核-皮层”通路存在神经网络通讯，该通路核团中Glu和GABA的变化是导致神经活动变化的因素之一。
